This study compares the effectiveness of pollutant removal from synthetic dairy wastewater electrocoagulated by means of aluminum and iron anodic dissolution. A method based on the cubic function (third degree polynomial) was proposed for electrocoagulant dosing. Mathematical methods for calculating the optimal electrocoagulant doses proved to be quite precise and useful for practical applications. The results of gravimetric measurements of electrocoagulant (electrode) consumption demonstrated that theoretical doses of Al determined based on Faraday's law were substantially lower than those produced by electrode weighing. The above phenomenon was also discussed in the light of the results of polarization resistance measurements for Al and Fe electrodes used in the study.
Electrocoagulation makes an alternative method to chemical coagulation. This paper presents the results obtained during the electrocoagulation of the model wastewater using aluminum electrodes. The wastewater was treated by means of chronopotentiometric electrocoagulation process in a static system, at the constant current I = 0.3 A; therefore higher doses of electrocoagulant required longer electrocoagulation time. Changes in zeta potential, pH, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids and total phosphorus concentrations in the treated wastewater were determined. A new method for determining the optimal dosage of the aluminum electrocoagulant was proposed through application of the third degree polynomial function rather than the parabolic equation. An increase in the electrocoagulant dose raised the share of sweep fl occulation in the studied treatment process, resulting in the effective removal over 90% of phosphorus compounds from the system.
Wastewater coagulation and electrocoagulation were investigated as sorption processes involving colloidal sorbents such as (Al(OH) 3) n , (Fe(OH) 3) m and (Fe(OH) 2) p. An attempt was made to fit experimental data to two popular sorption models. Based on a statistical and mathematical analysis of the obtained results, the Langmuir model of chemical adsorption was regarded more probable than the Freundlich model. The highest maximum adsorption of phosphorus in the analyzed wastewater was achieved with the use of PIX, and the lowest adsorption maxima were reported for an iron electrocoagulant. PAC was most effective in reducing COD of wastewater. PAC and PIX delivered higher adsorption maxima for compounds responsible for COD than aluminum and iron electrocoagulants.
This paper discusses the results of laboratory analyses of the coagulation and flocculation of model wastewater. The investigated wastewater was susceptible to treatment by chemical coagulation. The effectiveness of two commercial coagulants, PAC produced at the DEMPOL-ECO Chemical Plant and PIX manufactured by KEMIPOL, was compared. A mathematical model relying on a second-degree polynomial was used to describe and analyze experimental data. In each case, the parabola minimum point was a precisely determined coagulant dose, regarded as the optimal dose. The application of a coagulant dose higher than the optimal dose reduced the effectiveness of wastewater treatment by coagulation. A detailed analysis of turbidity, suspended solids, total phosphorus and pollutant removal measured by the COD test revealed that PAC was a more effective and a more efficient coagulant than PIX. The risk of coagulant overdosing was greater with the use of PAC than PIX.
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