Respiratory sounds disclose significant information regarding the lungs of patients. Numerous methods are developed for analyzing the lung sounds. However, clinical approaches require qualified pulmonologists to diagnose such kind of signals appropriately and are also time consuming. Hence, an efficient Fractional Water Cycle Swarm Optimizer-based Deep Residual Network (FrWCSO-based DRN) is developed in this research for detecting the pulmonary abnormalities using respiratory sounds signals. The proposed FrWCSO is newly designed by the incorporation of Fractional Calculus (FC) and Water Cycle Swarm Optimizer WCSO. Meanwhile, WCSO is the combination of Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA) with Competitive Swarm Optimizer (CSO). The respiratory input sound signals are pre-processed and the important features needed for the further processing are effectively extracted. With the extracted features, data augmentation is carried out for minimizing the over fitting issues for improving the overall detection performance. Once data augmentation is done, feature selection is performed using proposed FrWCSO algorithm. Finally, pulmonary abnormality detection is performed using DRN where the training procedure of DRN is performed using the developed FrWCSO algorithm. The developed method achieved superior performance by considering the evaluation measures, namely True Positive Rate (TPR), True Negative Rate (TNR) and testing accuracy with the values of 0.963, 0.932, and 0.948, respectively.
The most important concern in the medical field is to consider the analysis of data and perform accurate diagnosis. However, the analysis of pulmonary abnormalities may depend on the diagnostic experience and the medical skills of the physicians, and is a time-consuming practice. In order to solve such issues, an efficient Water Cycle Swarm Optimizer-based Hierarchical Attention Network (WCSO-based HAN) is developed for detecting the pulmonary abnormalities from the respiratory sounds signals. However, the developed optimization technique named WCSO is devised by incorporating the Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA) with Competitive Swarm Optimizer (CSO). Here, the pre-processing is performed using the Hanning window and Spectral gating-based noise reduction method in order to remove the falsifications or noises from the signal. Thereafter, the process of feature extraction is carried out to extract the significant features, such as Bark frequency Cepstral coefficient (BFCC) and the short term features, such asspectral flux and spectral centroid. Once the significant features are extracted, classification is performed using HAN where the training procedure of HAN is carried out using WCSO. Furthermore, the developed WCSO-based HAN obtained efficient performance using True Positive Rate (TPR), True Negative Rate (TNR) and accuracy with the values of 0.943, 0.913, and 0.923 using dataset 1, respectively.
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