The study was aimed to determine the Rota viral infection rates in diarrheic calves and effectiveness of some epidemiological factors on that rate in some provinces in Mid-Euphrates region in Iraq (Babylon, Al-Najaf, Karbala, Al-Qadisyia provinces). A total of 530 calves aged between 1-60 day were examined and fifty fecal (50) samples were collected from diarrheic calves only within six months period from November-2012 to April -2013. The fecal samples were examined for the presence of rotavirus by rapid rotavirus test (screening test), as well as the clinical examination for these diarrheic calves were done. The rapid test demonstrated that the rotavirus infection rate was 18/50 (36%). A 45.4% of rotavirus infection was found in calves less than 30 days of age which was significantly higher than 28.5% calves (30-60) days old. Male and female (37.5%, 40% respectively) were seen infected without any significant differences. The main clinical signs observed on rotavirus diarrheic calves were include, watery voluminous diarrhea with profound weakness and mild depression, so as temperature, respiration, heart rates could be decreased and appetite was changeable towards loss or anorectic. In Babylon, the highest rotavirus infection rate was recorded 60%, and less rates in Karbala 20% and 40%, 33% in AL-Najaf and AL-Qadisyia provinces respectively. The rotavirus infection rate in diarrheic calves was affected by months significantly, which it was higher at January 75%, so as in November 50%, December 40% and February 33.3%, but not recorded in March and April.
In this study, twenty-four camels in abattoirs of Al-Najaf and Al-Qadisiyah provinces were suspected to have interstitial bronchopneumonia. Clinical signs revealed protracted neck, misery, in appetence, heart rate was elevated (44±0.29bpm) and breathing was irregular and rapid (23±0.27bpm) and fever (39.2±0.1). Moist crackles heard at auscultation. Transtracheal wash (TTW) were sampled for cytology and bacteriology to make the diagnosis; white blood cells count (WBCc) was (1420±5.95cells/µl) with neutrophilia (48%), total protein (TP) records (355±4.29 mg/dl). Bacterial culture of the TTW revealed pure colonies on blood agar; which were recognized by the VITEK 2 compact device and confirmed using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as Klebsiella pneumonia ssp pneumonia. Postmortem specimen gave three kinds of colonies: the same one in TTW, which was the causative pathogen, two others; Staphylococcus lentus and St. vitulinus; diagnosed biochemically by VITEK 2 compact. Histopathological dissections on postmortem samples found in the lungs of camels ranged only in 4-8 years old, discovered the presence of interstitial bronchopneumonia.
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