Aim: To envisage the visibility of round window nichein pediatric cochlear implantation by using computed tomography. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Radiology, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st July 2021 to 31st March 2022. Methodology: Fifty five patients underwent the procedure of unilateral-cochlear implantation. Slices of round window niche and round window membrane were selected for visualization through HRCT imaging. The temporal bone imaging through high resolution computed tomography scans; before and after the operation were examined in detailed and scored. Each round window membrane and round window niche was then visualized for its visibility. The sensitivity as well as specificity of high resolution computed tomography imaging in prediction of round window membrane visuality were calculated. Results: The comparison of predictive values showed that the positive-predictive value of RWM was 73.1% and negative as 91.2%. The sensitivity as well as the specificity of HRCT identification in prediction difficulty in visualizing RWM was 79% and 87% respectively. Conclusion: Pre-operative high resolution computed tomography was proved helpful in visualization of detecting round window niche. Key words: CT scan; Cochlear implantation; Round window niche; Pediatrician
Aim: To investigate image quality of respiratory triggered 3D MRCP with compressed parallel and sensing imaging in clinical setting. Study design: Cross-sectional study Duration and place of study: Study was conducted in the duration of1st July 2021 to 31st December 2021 at Department of Radiology, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana. Methodology: Ninety patients with age between 40-70 years were enrolled. The patients got three various kinds of MRCP 3 dimensional as a protocol of their diagnosis plan. Four point scoring system was adapted for quality assessment. Results: The mean age of the patients was 66.9±8.6 years. There were almost similar number of males and females. Minimally invasive-intraductal papillarymucinous carcinoma was presented only in 2.22%. Comparison of three magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography techniques showed that signal quality, was better as longer time involved in 1st magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography case while blurring was also seen in breath holding magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Conclusion: Better imaging quality of ductal system is obtained through respiratory triggered 3D magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography against breath hold. Keywords: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, 3D Imaging, Compressed Sensing, Parallel imaging
Aim: To determine the calcium and bone disorders in pregnancy assessed through radiological imaging. Study design: Prospective study. Place and duration of study: Department of Radiology, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st July 2022 to 31st December 2022 Methodology: One hundred pregnant women were enrolled. The blood calcium levels were assessed through serum calcium at these stages through 3 cc blood withdrawal. Dietary intake of calcium was also assessed through food frequency charts. Urinary-excretion of calcium was analyzed through cross-linked N-telopeptides (NTx) type I collagen. Each participant was assessed at 3 points including baseline assessment at 1st trimester, then at 2nd trimester and finally at post-partum 4 weeks. At the 2nd trimester ultrasound bone measurement was conducted at distal radius. Quantitative ultrasound was used for this purpose. In the post-partum women, a radiological imaging including DEXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) bone scan was performed. Results: The mean age was 26.9±5.5 years. The mean pregnancy was 2.0±1.1 while the mean number of children was 0.9±0.7. The previous months of breast feeding as mean were 6.8±7.9. The calcium intake from food as well as serum calcium levels was below recommended levels in women during their pregnancy and post-delivery. Through the quantitative ultasound and bone density DEXA scan images presented obvious osteoporotic changes in bone density. There were 24% had 2.5 or less meant osteoporosis formation. Conclusion: Women often lead to calcium deficiency during gestation and lactation and thus chances of musculoskeletal disorders escalate manifolds. Radiological imaging can facilitate in detecting these calcium deficiencies. Keywords: Hemostasis, Regulation, Pregnancy, Mineral absorption
Aim: To identify the incidence of spina bifida during gestation and its pregnancy outcomes. Study design: Cohort study Place and duration of study: Department of Radiology, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2022 Methodology: One thousand pregnant women who were screened for the identification of spina bifida. Doppler based ultrasonography was performed in each patient. The fetus body was examined during sonography Doppler between 18-24 weeks. The body of the fetus was focused and visualized longitudinally in midsagittal section. Spinal cord was traced from neck to sacral, cervical vertebra and thorax. A tram track appearance was observed. Spinal nerve positioning was also observed. In spina bifida nerve tethering was seen. The primary outcomes in reference to baby weight and maturity were recorded while secondary outcomes of the fetuses in terms of any disability were followed up to 12 months of age. Results: The mean age of the women was 25.6±5.6 years. The incidence of spina bifida was 1.1%. Within the primary outcomes observed birth weight ranged within 3.1-3.5kg. Around 81.81% cases were born full term while 18.18 were premature. On 06 months’ follow-up of the spina bifida cases it was observed that 45.45% of new born suffered from skin problems as sores, calluses or and blisters while 36.36% had hydrocephalus with excessive CSF which needed monitoring. Mobility issue and disability was observed in 27.27% cases. Conclusion: Spina bifida cases are identified successfully within gestational period. Prematurity can be significantly noticed in spina bifida cases. The lumbosacral and lumbar lesions are most common as well as skin conditions and hydrocephalus. Key words: Incidence, Spina bifida, Gestation, Outcome
Aim: To analyze the effect of out of pocket cost on subsequent mammography screening. Study design: Retrospective observational study Place and duration of study: Department of Radiology, Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences, Gambat from 1st April 2021 to 31st March 2022. Methodology: One hundred female patients having ages 40-65 years with health insurances were followed from their baseline mammography screening up to their 12-36 months screening was enrolled. The clinical recorded, adjusted clinical group and other related information were documents. Results: 69% supported by a low deductible health policy while 31% were supported with a high deductible health policy The Adjusted Clinical Group score showed 74% within 0.3 scoring. For baseline mammography a decreased by 3.4% up to 12-24 months time was noticed. Conclusion: Out pocket cost has a significant effect of decreasing patient’s number for subsequent mammography screening. Keywords: Breast carcinoma, Mammography, Screening
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