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The roots of Excoecaria agallocha yielded four new diterpenoids, ent-3 beta,20-epoxy-3 alpha,6 alpha-dihydroxykaur-16-ene (agallochin F) (1), 3beta,20-epoxy-3 alpha-hydroxybeyer-15-ene (agallochin G) (2), 3 beta,20:15R,16S-diepoxy-3 alpha-beyeranol (agallochin H) (3), and 3 beta,20-epoxy-3 alpha,6 alpha-dihydroxy-18-nor-beyer-15-ene (agallochin I) (4), along with three known derivatives, 2-acetoxy-1,15-beyeradiene-3,12-dione (5), 2-hydroxy-1,15-beyeradiene-3,12-dione (6), and ent-kauran-16 beta-ol-3-one. The structures of 1-4 were determined by spectroscopic (NMR and MS) data interpretation.

The ethyl acetate extract of Excoecaria agallocha L. furnished three more new isopimarane diterpenoids, 11alpha,14alpha-dihydroxy-7,15-isopimaradien-3-one, agallochin J (1), 3alpha, 1alpha,14alpha-trihydroxyisopimara-7,15-diene, agallochin K (2) and 6alpha,14alpha,17-trihydroxy-7,15-isopimaradien-3-one, agallochin L.

Elimination of toxic compounds from our essential commodities such as water, air, foods etc. and provision for safe and clean basic needs is currently one of the most significant international topics for research, especially in food, water and air pollution control. Metal oxides have emerged as one of the most interesting materials in the current period owing to their potential catalytic properties. The II-VI metal oxides are gaining considerable attention in optoelectronics and in rectifying environmental issues due to their ability to produce charge carriers when accelerated with a sufficient amount of energy. The electronic structure, fluorescence and phosphorescence properties and charge transport abilities of the metal oxides have made them photo catalysts. In this paper, we report a precise investigation of structural, optical and photo catalytic properties of industrially and technologically important ZnO and MgxZn(1-x)O nanoparticles. The materials were synthesized via chemical methods using solutions of zinc sulphate, sodium hydroxide, silver nitrate and magnesium sulphate. The structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of the synthesized samples were studied using X-ray diffractometer and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The average crystallite size of the prepared samples is between 15 to 20 nm. The optical band value of the ZnO nanoparticles was found 3.3 eV. The photocatalytic studies were conducted using an in-house built assembly and photocatalytic degradation of Cr was chosen as a reference. The synthesized MgxZn(1-x)O has been observed as an excellent photocatalyst, and shown promising results for the degradation of Cr(VI).

Industrial development is an inevitable factor in the growth of any nation and on the other hand it's also the factor for increasing the pollution caused from hazardous metals [1]. Irrelevant of whether advanced or not, the problem faced by almost all sectors of every country is the rottenness caused mainly by ground water contamination, air pollution in large scale and hazardous metal wastes. Chromium is a metal that has found its place in the industrial area with its wide application in electroplating, tanning, refractory materials, wood preservatives and many more [2] but it has also received biological attention due to its major role in contributing to the industrial pollution and its toxicity to plants and animals [3]. The existence of Cr is in two states, i.e., trivalent and hexavalent chromium. The hexavalent form of chromium is 500 times more toxic than the trivalent form [4]. Chromium(VI) and its compounds are highly toxic when inhaled or ingested. It is hemotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic. When hexavalent