The SWCNT/fullerodendron/TiOx coaxial nanowire shows an enhanced photocatalytic activity (Φ = 0.47) for the evolution of hydrogen from water under irradiation with visible light (λ = 450 nm).
Pepper peel waste is one of the byproducts of pepper production, especially in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands. One of the efforts to utilize pepper peel, which is used as an activated carbon material that can be used as supercapacitor electrodes, has been carried out. Activated carbon based on pepper peel is synthesized by drying it to dry and then pre-carbonization. The next step is chemical activation using ZnCl2 and followed by physical activation at 700 °C in nitrogen flow conditions (N2) for 3 hours. Characterization of activated carbon material was carried out using SEM-EDX and BET, while the electrode performance used CV (Cyclic Voltamettry). The SEM-EDX and BET test results show that the activated carbon material has a porous structure with an average pore diameter of 2.059 nm. The CV test results were used to determine the energy storage capability with a specific capacitance value of 7.77 F/g at a scan rate of 1 mV/s.
The Supercapacitor electrodes made from activated carbon from biomass waste have attracted researchers’ interest as an energy storage medium. Activated carbon was synthesized from pepper peel waste with 1 M ZnCl2 activator and an activation temperature of 700°C Meanwhile, the supercapacitor electrodes were prepared using activated carbon which had been synthesized by adding acetylene black (AB) and polyvinyl de fluoride (PVDF) materials to make a homogeneous mixture. Then the sample is printed and dried using an oven. The electrode samples were then tested using SEM-EDX and CV to characterization of their morphology and energy storage capability. The CV results show that the sample has a specific capacitance value of 17.4 F/g.
Effective hydrogen evolution from water using SWCNT photocatalyst under near-infrared (NIR) light illumination was demonstrated. H 2 evolution reactions of 1.2 and 0.40 mmol/h were observed upon chirality-selective photoexcitation by the use of monochromatic light irradiation at 680 and 1000 nm, which are the E 22 and E 11 absorptions of (8,3) SWCNT, respectively, by the use of SWCNT/ fullerodendron photosensitizer in the presence of a sacrifice donor, an electron relay, and a co-catalyst. Apparent quantum yields of this reaction were 0.17 (at 680 nm) and 0.073 (at 1000 nm), respectively. The result provides the first example of photocatalytic H 2 evolution reaction triggered by E 11 photoexcitation of SWCNTs, and clearly shows the usefulness of SWCNTs in the light absorber for NIR light, which is the second main component of solar radiation. F rom the view point of renewal energy resources to win the fight against global warming, there is increasing focus on the production of hydrogen from water using sunlight and photocatalysts because this water splitting reaction does not emit greenhouse gases [1]. For practical use of solar energy, visible-and near-infrared-(NIR) light driven photocatalysts are required to achieve useful and efficient H 2 production because approximately 85% of solar energy incident on the Earth's surface lies in the wavelength region between 400 and 1350 nm [2]. Although many researchers developed visible-light driven photocatalysts for the water splitting, the examples of efficient photocatalysts producing H 2 under NIR light illumination are quite rare [3].Meanwhile, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are potentially strong optical absorbers with tunable absorption bands depending on their chiral indices (n,m) [4]. But their application for solar energy conversion is difficult because of the large binding energy (> 100 meV) of electron-hole pairs, known as excitons, produced by optical absorption [5]. Recent development of photovoltaic devices based on SWCNTs as light-absorbing components have shown that the creation of heterojunctions by pairing chirality-controlled SWCNTs with C 60 is the key for high power conversion efficiency [6]. In contrast to thin film devices, photosensitizing reactions in a dispersion/solution system via photoinduced electron transfer triggered by the photoexcitation of SWCNTs are quite rare because of the difficulty of the construction of a well-ordered surface on SWCNTs. Recently, we developed water-dispersible coaxial nanowires possessing a SWCNT/C 60 heterojunction that can be used for a photosensitizer to produce H 2 from water [7][8][9]. The photosensitizing property of SWCNT was firstly evidenced by chirality-selective photo-excitation by monochromatic light irradiation at 680 nm [9], which is E 22 absorption of (8,3)SWCNT (Figure 1). Apparent quantum yield (AQY) of H 2 evolution reaction using (8,3)SWCNT/ fullerodendron was estimated to be 1.5% at 680 nm. However, it still remains unclear whether E 11 absorption in NIR region is effective for H 2 p...
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