Scientifically diagnose the spatial conflict of resource-based cities and clarify the complex relationship between spatial conflict and land use are important for urban development transformation and rational use of regional resources. Based on the characteristics of resource-based cities, this study constructed a spatial conflict measurement model considering spatial pressure, spatial exposure, and spatial risk response dimensions with the perspective of land use and ecosystem service value, and explored the relationship between spatial conflict and land use using a geographically weighted regression model. The results indicate that: 1) From 2009 to 2020, the spatial conflict index of Xintai City remained stable with a change of 0.0018 only. The change trends of different conflict levels varied. The spatial pattern was zonal, and the conflict level gradually decreased from the center to the peripheral areas. 2) From 2009 to 2020, the average land use dynamic degree of Xintai City was 23.14%, the spatial layout was significantly different, and the land use changes were mainly cultivated land conversion to woodland, land reclamation, expansion of construction land, and afforestation. 3) Based on the analysis of the geographically weighted regression model, the dynamic degree of land use was significantly correlated with the change of spatial conflict index (P < 0.01, R 2 =0.8517), and the average coefficient value was 0.1381, dominated by positive correlation. The research provides a scientific basis for the rational use of regional land, governance of spatial conflicts, and optimization of spatial structure in the city.
Aims
Given that little is known about the effect of lower extremity function (LEF) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) subsequent risk among older adults, the association between LEF and CVD in the older Chinese population was investigated by cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis using the nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
Methods
The sample comprised 4636 participants aged at least 60 years from the CHARLS 2011. LEF was defined according to the short physical performance battery (SPPB) scores lower than 8. CVD was defined as the presence of physician-diagnosed heart disease and/or stroke. A total of 4636 participants were recruited from the CHARLS 2011 and were followed up in 2018.
Results
The prevalence of CVD in total populations, good LEF, normal LEF, and poor LEF individuals were 19.07%, 16.97%, 20.72%, 24.77%, respectively. Poor LEF was associated with CVD in total populations. In the longitudinal analysis, individuals with poor LEF were more likely to have incident CVD than good LEF peers, especially stroke. In CVD components, compared to good LEF, individuals with poor LEF had higher risks of heart disease and stroke, and they had higher risks of newly onset stroke but not newly onset heart disease.
Conclusion
The results suggest the potential usefulness of the short physical performance battery for classifying stroke risk in older Chinese adults, which also suggested that preventing and/or improving lower extremity function may be beneficial for reducing stroke incidence and promoting healthy aging for older adults.
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