Background: The loss of natural habitats associated with the development of humanity resulted in the need for longer trips and greater interaction with highways by some animal species. Vehicle collision with animals is one of the main factors of pressure over wild animal populations in Brazil; veterinary surgery can play an important role for the recovery of these patients. The lesions commonly seen in animals hit by vehicles may comprise skin lesions, central nervous system injuries, intrathoracic and intra-abdominal complications, among which renal lesions are included. The aim of this work is to report the use of a total nephrectomy technique in a crab-eating fox.Case: A female, adult, 5-kg crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous Linnaeus, 1766) was received for emergency care at the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal do Paraná at Palotina. The patient had been struck by a vehicle at a local highway, was unconscious, and exhibited signs of blood loss such as hypothermia, hypotension, and pale mucous membranes. As the clinical evaluation was performed, the patient was stabilized with pain management, correction of hypovolemia and hypothermia, and oxygen therapy. Blood samples were taken in case of the need for preoperative tests. Subsequently, the animal was submitted to the diagnostic imaging section to investigate possible injuries. No chemical restraint was necessary for the procedures. Radiography examination revealed loss of intra-abdominal contrast, which was confirmed to be free fluid on ultrasound examination. Immediately after imaging examination, the animal was taken to the surgical room for exploratory laparotomy. The surgical incision, which was performed over the linea alba, extended from the xiphoid process to the pubis. During surgery, free fluid was confirmed to be diffuse bloody fluid, which was observed in the abdomen; there was absence of lesions in all organs except the right kidney, which revealed clots and lacerations to the capsule, cortex, and medulla, resulting in poor viability of the organ. The condition required removal of the organ, which was performed with the conventional technique described for domestic animals. During the nephrectomy surgical procedure, the patient exhibited severe hypotension with the need of compensatory measures such as intravenous administration of crystalloid and colloid solutions, and vasoactive drugs, which were maintained during the period of surgery. Postoperative care included administration of analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs for three days, and antibiotics for seven days. Hematological and renal profiles as well as ultrasound examinations were used for monitoring of clinical evolution. The patient was kept in isolation to avoid behavioral stress during hospital stay.Discussion: In this case, the importance of ultrasound diagnosis and viability of the nephrectomy technique were established for the specimen, which was returned to its natural habitat eighteen days after the vehicle collision, after authorization from the local environmental agency. Immediate care of a wild animal that suffers trauma is an important factor to increase success rate for recovery of fauna threatened by vehicle collisions. Early diagnosis associated with the employment of surgical techniques commonly used for domestic animals allow wild-animal clinicians and surgeons to improve viability of threatened populations.

Cutaneous lymphoma is an uncommon neoplasm in dogs and Boxer, Shih Tzu, Cocker Spaniel, Basset Hound and Golden Retriever are predisposed breeds. This report describes the case of a 5-year-old mixed-breed female dog presenting ulcerated and fast-growing skin nodules. Initial cytology revealed a poorly differentiated round cell neoplasm. Excision of nodules was performed due to the emergence of new lesions. Histopathological examination was suggestive of histiocytoma. The lesions recurred after one year, and a surgical excision of nodules was performed. An immunohistochemical examination was carried out to refine the diagnosis, revealing positivity for CD3 markers in neoplastic cells and for HLA-DR in neoplastic lymphoid and reactive histiocytic cells; these findings, coupled with the morphological findings, were compatible with nonepitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Its etiology has not yet been fully elucidated; however, recurrent skin inflammation may be a predisposing factor, which leads to chronic lymphocytic proliferation. Cutaneous lymphoma (CL) causes nonspecific lesions and its classification as epitheliotropic and nonepitheliotropic (NEL) throughout cutaneous signs is difficult, with NEL being the least described form. Animals affected by this form of lymphoma have lymphadenomegaly, firm and multiple nodules that can extend from the dermis to the subcutaneous layer, alopecic and/or ulcerated, often in chest, head and extremities, with rapid progression, which was compatible with the present case. Definitive diagnosis of CL is obtained through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The aim is to report a case of nonepitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma in a dog, with emphasis on its clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical aspects.

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare condition which consists of reactive fibrous tissue proliferation with mixed inflammatory infiltration within the abdominal cavity. The present report describes an additional case of SEP affecting a mixed-breed immature female dog presented with persistent vomiting, progressive weight loss, and ascites. Abdominal radiographic and ultrasonographic findings suggested abdominal neoformation resulting in gastric displacement, in addition ascitic fluid was evaluated and cytology showed large numbers of inflammatory effusion. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and were detected multiple thick peritoneal adhesions which restricted mobility of abdominal viscera. Biopsy specimens of these lesions were submitted for histopathological examination. Microscopically, the external serous surfaces of the abdominal organs were covered with dense fibrous connective tissue characterized by intense mature collagen deposition and moderate angiogenesis. The animal was euthanized due to poor prognosis and sent for necropsy. The clinical, imaging, gross and microscopic findings were compatible with SEP. Keywords: Neoformation; intestinal obstruction; peritoneal adhesions, chronic inflammation.