The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional-energetic value of guava seed meal (GSM) for piglets in the starter phase and its effects on feed digestibility, growth performance, plasma parameter and diarrhea incidence. Assay I (digestibility testing) involved 16 entire male piglets with average initial body weight of 18.91 ± 1.36 kg were distributed in a randomized block design, allocated to two treatments with eight replications. Treatments consisted of a reference diet and a test diet with a 20% replacement by GSM. In assay II (performance testing), 128 entire male piglets and average initial body weight of 14.47 ± 2.09 kg were distributed in a randomized block design, with four treatments repeated four times in two blocks. Treatments consisted of increasing levels of GSM (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%). Values higher were found for glutamine and arginine. The high GE value of the GSM was reflected in an elevated AMCGE of the feed, with greater DM and CP digestibility. There was difference (P < 0.05) for average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, urea and diarrhea. In conclusion, GSM does not affect apparent nutrient digestibility, and it promotes greater feed intake up to 10% inclusion and 15% improves diarrhea incidence.
To evaluate the association of fatty acids, prebiotics and zinc proteinate (Viligen NE) in weaned piglet diets without AGP, 80 piglets averaging 6.69±0.19 kg (21-days old) were distributed in randomized blocks design. Eight replicates of one male and one female were used for each of five treatments: positive control (an antibiotic growth promoter; 0.02% Halquinol 60%), negative control (no additive) and 3 levels of Viligen NE (0.10, 0.14 and 0.18%). Daily feed intake (DFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion (FC) were determined from 21 to 35 and 36 to 49 days of age. At the end of the experiment, jejunum content was collected to evaluate Lactobacillus sp and Enterobacteria sp counts, and cecum content for Bifidobacterium sp and Clostridium perfringens counts. The negative control had the worst ADG (P=0.0004) and FC (P=0.0357) from 21 to 35 days and ADG (P=0.0196) from 21 to 49 days. All levels of Viligen NE showed the same performance as 0.02% Halquinol, for both portions of the feeding period. The optimal Viligen NE levels for ADG, estimated by quadratic and broken line models, were 0.137 and 0.100%, respectively. Significant linear relationships were found between Viligen NE and FC (negative from 21 to 35 days) and ADG (positive from 21 to 46 days). Jejunal Lactobacillus count was least for Halquinol (P=0.0001). Cecal Bifidobacterium count was greater (P=0.0063) for the negative control and 0.18% Viligen NE, while Clostridium count was less (P=0.0008) for 0.10 and 0.18% Viligen NE. Quadratic and broken line models estimated less jejunal Enterobacteria sp count with 0.110 and 0.070% of Viligen NE, respectively, less cecal Clostridium count was estimated at 0,096 and 0,079% of Viligen NE, respectively. Under the conditions of this experiment, Viligen NE in weaned piglet diets at 0.10% or greater supported growth without detrimental effects on intestinal microbiota populations.
A importância da vitamina D na nutrição de suínos, em especial a sua relevância no crescimento e desenvolvimento ósseo. À medida que se intensificou a criação animal, mudanças na estrutura das instalações foram necessárias para se adaptar ao sistema, portanto, o ambiente que antes era aberto hoje apresenta instalações fechadas com telhado, o qual reduziu drasticamente o contato dos animais com o sol. Em consequência disso, os animais passaram a ser suplementados com a vitamina D na forma sintética para compensar a falta dos raios solares. Sendo assim, esta vitamina se tornou um elemento essencial nas rações de animais confinados.
RESUMOO presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento preliminar parasitológico em uma criação de suínos localmente adaptados, oriundos de uma comunidade tradicional conhecida como Faxinal, localizada na região Centro-Sul do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Foram obtidas 37 amostras de fezes de suínos, machos e fêmeas, com idade entre seis meses à seis anos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, distribuído em dois fenótipos de raça: 18 Fenótipo com características Moura e 19 animais de outros tipos de fenótipos (Caruncho, Canastra, Nilo de brinco, Cuié e Casco de Burro. Amostras de fezes para determinação do número de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) foram colhidas diretamente da ampola retal. Os suínos do fenótipo Moura apresentaram maiores médias de OPG para Strongyloides spp. e Ascaris spp. (P<0,05). Observaram-se as seguintes prevalências: 91,89% para nematoides gastrintestinais (34 animais positivos/37 animais totais), 29,73% para Strongyloides spp. (11 animais positivos/37 animais totais), 18,92% para Ascaris spp. (7 animais positivos/37 animais totais), além de dois animais positivos para Coccídeo (5,4%). No exame quantitativo (mínimo e máximo), obteve-se: 0-12.250 OPG para ovos do tipo Estrongilídeos; 0-250 OPG para Strongyloides spp.; 0-250 OPG para Ascaris spp. Com os resultados obtidos será possível implantar um programa de manejo sanitário adequado as condições ambientais do Faxinal, respeitando a rotina de criação dos suínos por esta comunidade tradicional. Evidencia-se, com isto, a importância do manejo tecnificado no controle parasitário de suínos localmente adaptados.
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