In Brazil, contrary to the situation in many countries, sport coaching at all levels is considered a profession. Following a law passed by the government, those who want to coach are required to earn a university diploma called a ‘Bachelor in Physical Education’. This bachelor’s degree prepares future professionals to work in any of the following areas: health, leisure, and sport performance. Because universities have some fexibility regarding the courses that they offer and can also focus on one or any combination of the three aforementioned areas, we cannot assume that graduate students have acquired the same knowledge and developed the same competencies. Therefore, a broad inquiry of what is provided by different universities was needed to create a picture of the curriculum that future sport coaches will experience. In an effort to situate the Brazilian coaching and coach education system within a worldwide perspective, the data collected are interpreted using the International Sport Coaching Framework (ISCF).

The Relative Age Effect (RAE) in sport is defined as the age difference in the same sport group. This chronological difference implies a different level of sport experience and performance due to developmental and maturational processes. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relative age effect in elite u-18 basketball according to playing positions. The variables analyzed were: date of birth, playing position and technical-tactical performance indicators in basketball (TTPI). A descriptive analysis was carried out to characterize the sample, a lineal regression was used to analyze the influence of the date of birth on basketball performance and finally an ANOVA and discriminant analysis were performed to identify the differences among different playing positions. The results show the existence of the RAE in the top European Under-18 basketball competition (S1 = 67%; S2 = 33%). Performance indicators which are predictors of the birth quarter (p< .05) were only found in the small forwards (defensive rebounds (β: -.463) and fouls received (β: -.140)) and in the centers (three point throws scored (β: -.321) and tried (β: .342)). These results may be of use for coaches and clubs when recruiting players for each playing position. Older forwards and centers are capable of performing at a higher level. Therefore, clubs have to sign up those players born at the beginning of the year.

OBJECTIVES: to develop a questionnaire to measure factors associated with physical activity (PA) in adolescents and analyze its reliability and validity. METHODS: a total of 248 adolescents from 14 to 19 years old took part in this study. The factors associated with PA measured were: attitude, self-efficacy, social support of PA and perceived environment. Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to test reliability, and exploratory factor analysis to evaluate validity. RESULTS: attitude was measured as a single factor (attitude: α=0.76, ICC=0.89); self-efficacy consisted of two factors: resources for PA (α=0.76, ICC=0.75) and social support and motives for engaging in PA (α=0.76, ICC=0.67); social support was measured as two factors: support for PA from friends (α=0.90, ICC=0.89) and support for PA from parents (α= 0.81, ICC=0.91); and the environment was measured as three factors: access to and attractiveness of places to engage in PA (α=0.69, ICC=0.82), security/safety when engaging in PA (α=0.73, ICC=0.67), and general infrastructure of the neighborhood (α=0.70, ICC=0.75). CONCLUSIONS: the questionnaire exhibited satisfactory validity and reliability and can be recommended for studies investigating adolescents.

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Construção e validação do instrumento de avaliação do desempenho técnico-tático no voleibol Construction and validation of a technical-tactical performance evaluation instrument in volleyball

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o nível de competência profissional percebido de treinadores esportivos catarinenses, considerando os ciclos vitais, os ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional e o tipo de modalidade em que atuam. O processo de seleção da amostra foi estratificado de acordo com as regiões do Estado de Santa Catarina, de modo que participaram da investigação 213 treinadores. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi a Escala de Autopercepção de Competência (EAPC) adaptada de Simão (1998). Na análise estatística dos dados foram empregados os testes qui-quadrado e razão de verossimilhança e a regressão binária, contidos no programa SPSS versão 11.0, e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Os resultados evidenciaram elevada percepção de competência dos treinadores, bem como maior domínio dos conhecimentos sobre gestão e legislação do esporte por parte dos treinadores mais experientes e de idade mais avançada. Conclui-se que o nível de competência percebida dos treinadores parece aumentar de acordo com a progressão nos ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional.

Sport coaches in Brazil have been recognized as professionals since the implementation of law 9696 in 1998. However, little is known about the impact of this law on the production of coaching science in this country. In an attempt to situate the sports coaching research produced in Brazil since then, the aim of the current study was to show an overview of Brazilian publications from 2000 to 2015. Eight journals were selected and a review was performed in 425 issues of the journals from 2000 to 2015. As a result, 82 published articles were analyzed. On average, five articles were published each year, with 81.7% of the articles published from 2009 to 2015. The findings illustrate that 37.7% of the articles were focused on coaches’ thinking and 29.5% on coaches’ behaviors, 48.7% used qualitative methods, while 40.3% used quantitative methods and 20.9% used mixed methods. Only two articles attempted to explore the impact of the 1998 legislation on the development of sport coaches in Brazil. In general, research on sport coaching in Brazil seems to be emerging on an international level, as there has been an increase in publications over the past seven years, especially in the lead-up to the Rio2016 Summer Olympic Games.

RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) percebida pelos professores de Educação Física da rede pública estadual do RS, considerando os diferentes ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional que caracterizam a carreira docente. Participaram da investigação 380 professores de Educação Física, selecionados de forma estratificada proporcional e aleatória. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada a Escala de Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho Percebida por Professores de Educação Física do Ensino Fundamental e Médio (QVT-PEF). Os resultados evidenciaram elevados níveis de satisfação dos professores em relação à sua QVT, entretanto, a dimensão remuneração e compensação foi a única em que os professores manifestaram-se insatisfeitos em todos os ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional. Conclui-se que com o avanço na carreira, os professores estão mais satisfeitos com a QVT.