Background: Pilomatrixoma is a benign tumor that originates from the hair follicle matrix. It usually presents as a hard, slow growing, solitary mass that can be easily misdiagnosed as other skin masses. The aim of this study was to clinically analyze a case series of pilomatrixoma in pediatric patients from Korea. Methods: A total of 165 pediatric patients from 2011 to 2018 with a histological diagnosis of pilomatrixoma were included. A retrospective review was performed using the electronic medical records, including patient demographics, number and location of the mass, clinical and imaging presentation, and postoperative outcomes. Results: There were 61 male and 104 female patients with 152 solitary and 13 multiple pilomatrixomas. Among solitary pilomatrixomas, the lesion commonly occurred in the head and neck (84.2%), followed by upper limbs (11.2%), lower limbs (3.3%), and trunk (1.3%). The pilomatrixoma lesion presented as the following types based on our clinical classification: mass (56.02%), pigmentation (25.31%), mixed (12.65%), ulceration (4.82%), and keloid-like (1.2%). Ultrasonography showed a high positive predictive value (95.56%). There were no specific complications observed except for two cases of recurrence. Conclusion: Pilomatrixoma has various clinical feature presentations and commonly occurs in the head and neck. Ultrasonography is a helpful diagnostic tool. Surgical removal of the lesion is the main treatment method with a low recurrence rate.
Background: Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a rare subtype of malignant melanoma that usually involves the weight-bearing plantar area. Plantar defect reconstruction has traditionally been performed with skin grafts or free flaps. This study examined the efficacy and safety of a medial plantar artery perforator flap (MPAPF) for plantar defect reconstruction after wide excision of an ALM. Method: Twenty-five patients who underwent reconstruction with a MPAPF between 2011 and 2021 were enrolled in this study. The defects were classified into 6 plantar zones. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Reconstruction with medial plantar fasciocutaneous island flaps was performed in all cases, except for 4 patients who had lesions in forefoot, which required free medial plantar flaps. Defects in lateral and posterior heel were more likely to present with venous congestion and require longer healing times and revision surgery ( P < 0.05). The average follow-up period was 49 months. Four and 5 patients developed local recurrence and distant metastasis, respectively. Four cases of hyperkeratosis and paresthesia were documented, but there were no cases of ulceration or wound dehiscence. None of the cases required secondary debulking procedures. Conclusions: The MPAPF is safe and effective for plantar defect reconstruction among patients with ALM. Meticulous dissection and adequate tunneling are needed, particularly for defects in the lateral and posterior heel, to minimize flap congestion and revision operations.
Purpose: Polydactyly of the foot is a common congenital anomaly. The goal of surgery for polydactyly is to increase similarity to the contralateral foot, with a well-aligned arcade of toes that allows patients to wear normal footwear and ambulate painlessly. Foot appearance is especially important in Asian countries where people remove their shoes indoors. This study reviewed the surgical results in patients who underwent surgery for correction of untreated foot polydactyly after the age of 18 years. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 11 patients who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2019. The forefoot width, angulation difference, and toe length ratios between the affected and unaffected feet were compared before and after the operation. In addition, the purpose of the surgery and postoperative cosmetic satisfaction were collected for each patient.Results: The median age at the time of the operation was 25 years (interquartile range, 22–32 years) and most patients presented with postaxial polydactyly. The primary reasons to undergo surgery were both functional and cosmetic. The forefoot width and angle difference ratios became significantly more similar to the contralateral side postoperatively (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the toe length ratio. Postoperative Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores showed satisfactory results. Conclusion: The main reasons for surgery in adulthood included the diverse consequences of functional and cosmetic aspects of the anomaly. Surgery for patients with untreated polydactyly of the foot can yield satisfactory objective and subjective results regardless of the intervention timing.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.