Neonatal mouse hearts fully regenerate after ventricular resection similar to
adult zebrafish. We established cryoinjury models to determine if different types and
varying degrees of severity in cardiac injuries trigger different responses in neonatal
mouse hearts. In contrast to ventricular resection, neonatal mouse hearts fail to
regenerate and show severe impairment of cardiac function post transmural cryoinjury.
However, neonatal hearts fully recover after non-transmural cryoinjury. Interestingly,
cardiomyocyte proliferation does not significantly increase in neonatal mouse hearts after
cryoinjuries. Epicardial activation and new coronary vessel formation occur after
cryoinjury. The profibrotic marker PAI-1 is highly expressed after transmural but not
non-transmural cryoinjuries, which may contribute to the differential scarring. Our
results suggest that regenerative medicine strategies for heart injuries should vary
depending on the nature of the injury.
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