Three main theories explain the pathogenesis of the disabled throwing shoulder: the internal impingement theory, the posterior capsular contracture theory, and the scapulothoracic function theory. » The throwing shoulder demonstrates a unique musculoskeletal profile of asymmetrically increased external rotation and decreased internal rotation with preservation of the total arc of motion (external rotation plus internal rotation) when compared with the contralateral shoulder. Most investigators agree that the total arc of motion should not exceed 186°. A 5°asymmetry in the total arc of motion can be predictive of increased injury risk. | JBJS REVIEWS 2015;3(4):e4 · http://dx.13. Davidson PA, Elattrache NS, Jobe CM, Jobe FW. Rotator cuff and posterior-superior glenoid labrum injury associated with increased glenohumeral motion: a new site of impingement. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1995 Sep-Oct;4(5):384-90.
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