HIV-positive children excreted the same amount of N-methylnicotinamide in urine as did the control children. These findings may be attributed to similarities in nutritional status, adequate intestinal absorption (no children experienced diarrhea) and stable clinical condition.
Objective: To explore changes in the nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients before and after chemotherapy and evaluate the correlation between deuterium oxide dilution, bioelectric impedance analysis, and anthropometry for assessment of body composition. Methods: This study included 14 children (aged 5.6 to 13.6 years) and classified them as having hematologic or solid tumors. They had their body composition analyzed according to deuterium oxide, bioelectric impedance, and anthropometric measurements before the first chemotherapy cycle and after three and six months of therapy. Results: The patients in the hematologic tumor group had an increase in weight, height, body mass index, waist, hip, and arm circumference, subscapular skinfold thickness, and fat mass with the isotope dilution technique during chemotherapy. In the solid tumor group, the children showed a reduction in fat-free mass when assessed by bioimpedance analysis. We found a positive correlation between the triceps skinfold thickness and fat mass determined by bioimpedance analysis and deuterium oxide. The arm muscle circumference correlated with the fat-free mass estimated by bioimpedance analysis and deuterium oxide. Conclusions: Patients with hematologic tumors had an increase in body weight, height, and fat mass, which was not identified in the solid tumor group. The positive correlation between anthropometry (triceps skinfold thickness and arm muscle circumference), deuterium oxide dilution, and bioelectric impedance analysis shows the applicability of anthropometry in clinical practice.
Objective: To compare the neurobehavioral development of preterm infants with
postconceptional age between 32 and 36 weeks and 6 days, according to the
adequacy of the weight for the gestational age at birth.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed comparing two independent groups. The
55 preterm infants who were included in the sample were hospitalized in a
neonatal intermediate care unit and were evaluated using the Neurobehavioral
Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI) at the postconceptional age between
32 and 36 weeks and 6 days and compared according to the adequacy of the
weight for the gestational age. In addition to the comparison between the
groups, infants who were born small for gestational age (SGA) and those ones
adequate for gestational age (AGA) were also compared, considering the type
of intrauterine growth. The following instruments were used: NAPI, anamnesis
script, Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria, and medical records.Results: Infants were born with mean gestational age of 32.0 weeks, with the
postconceptional age and postnatal age of 34.8 weeks and 19.5 days,
respectively. The sample consisted of 55% of female infants. The results did
not show any differences in NAPI domains between SGA and AGA groups, neither
in the subgroups of SGA babies with symmetric or asymmetric growth.Conclusions: There was no difference between SGA and AGA babies in relation to
neurobehavioral development evaluated before reaching term.
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