Background/Aims: This prospective study investigated the performance of pre-endoscopy and the complete Rockall scores in predicting the occurrence of adverse outcomes and the need for endoscopic or surgical intervention in patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: All 656 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopy due to nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding between 2007 and 2011 were included. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for the outcomes of therapeutic intervention, rebleeding and death. The discriminative accuracy of the risk scores was assessed by the area under the ROC curve. Results: Endoscopic treatment was performed in 55.2% of the patients. Rebleeding and mortality rates were 7.6 and 3.8%, respectively. The pre-endoscopy Rockall scores showed unsatisfactory accuracy in predicting the need for intervention, rebleeding or death, as shown by the respective area under the ROC curve values of 0.52, 0.52 and 0.65. The accuracy of the complete Rockall score in predicting rebleeding was poor (area under ROC: 0.52), but it was higher for mortality (area under ROC: 0.69). Conclusions: The pre-endoscopy Rockall score was not useful for predicting the need for therapeutic intervention or adverse outcomes. The complete Rockall score showed an acceptable performance in predicting mortality, but was unable to predict rebleeding.

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OBJECTIVE:Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a technique developed in Japan for en bloc resection with a lower rate of recurrence. It is considered technically difficult and performed only in specialized centers. This study sought to report the initial experience from the Gastrocentro – Campinas State University for the treatment of gastric and colorectal lesions by endoscopic submucosal dissection.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The guidelines of the Japanese Association of Gastric Cancer were used as evaluative criteria. For colorectal lesions, the recommended standards proposed by Uraoka et al. and Saito et al. were employed. The practicability of the method, the development of complications and histological analysis of the specimens were evaluated.RESULTS:Sixteen patients underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection from June 2010 to April 2011; nine patients were treated for gastric lesions, and seven were treated for colorectal lesions. The average diameter of the gastric lesions was 28.6 mm, and the duration of resection was 103 min without complications. All lesions presented lesion-free margins. Of the seven colorectal tumors, four were located in the rectum and three were located in the colon. The average size was 26 mm, and the average procedure time was 163 min. Two complications occurred during the rectal resection procedures: perforation, which was treated with an endoscopic clip, and controlled bleeding. One of the lesions presented a compromised lateral margin without relapse after 90 days. Depth margins were all free of lesions.CONCLUSION:Endoscopic submucosal dissection at our institution achieved high success rates, with few complications in preliminary procedures. The procedure also made appropriate lesion staging possible.

RESUMOOBJETIVOS. Estudar a motilidade esofágica de doentes cirróticos antes e após a ligadura elástica endoscópica das varizes. MÉTODOS. Vinte e quatro portadores de cirrose hepática atendidos no Gastrocentro -UNICAMP, no programa de ligadura elástica para tratamento de varizes, foram estudados (média de idade de 49,5 anos, sendo 19 masculinos e 5 femininos). Os critérios de inclusão foram hepatopatia crônica e varizes esofágicas com alto risco de sangramento. Inicialmente foram realizados endoscopia digestiva alta e manometria esofágica em todos os doentes. A seguir, foram submetidos a sessões de ligadura elástica (o número médio foi de 3,4±2,1), em regime ambulatorial, com intervalo de duas a quatro semanas. A manometria foi repetida quatro semanas após a erradicação das varizes. Os parâmetros estudados foram a amplitude, a duração, a velocidade de propagação das ondas contráteis e o peristaltismo. RESULTADOS. A análise do tônus do EIE não mostrou diferença entre pré e pós-ligadura elástica. Em dez casos (41,6%), ocorreu alteração na motilidade, e a amplitude das ondas de deglutição elevou-se no exame pré de 70,7 mmHg (52,3 e 108,4) para 89,7 mmHg (69,9 e 122,8) no pós (p= 0,004 -p<0,05), e a duração aumentou de 3,55 seg±0,58 no pré para 3,90 seg±0,72 no pós (p=0,02 -p<0,05). A velocidade das ondas não diferiu entre o exame pré 3,43±0,97cm/seg e pós 3,61±0,99 cm/seg (p=0,15 -p>0,05). CONCLUSÕES. A análise final mostra que ocorreu alteração de motilidade esofágica após ligadura elástica das varizes esofágicas, caracterizada por aumento na amplitude e duração das ondas contráteis. INTRODUÇÃOA hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA) secundária à hipertensão portal é uma das principais complicações observadas em doentes hepatopatas crônicos. Dois procedimentos endoscópicos são indispensáveis para o seu tratamento adequado: a escleroterapia e a ligadura elástica das varizes esôfago-gástricas 1,2 . A escleroterapia é um procedimento de baixo custo, realizado na maioria dos serviços de endoscopia, podendo ser utilizado não apenas nos episódios de hemorragia digestiva, como na prevenção e no controle das varizes esofágicas 2,3 . Entretanto, vários estudos já demonstraram que os agentes esclerosantes aplicados durante a escleroterapia causam alterações macro e microscocópicas na parede do esôfago e conseqüentes efeitos adversos na motilidade esofágica 4-8 . Estudo pré-vio realizado em nosso serviço comparando a manometria esofágica antes e após a escleroterapia mostrou modificações no peristaltismo esofágico, secundário à seqüela da fibrose que ocorre na mucosa e submucosa do órgão 6 . A ligadura elástica é um método mais recente que a escleroterapia. É considerado mais seguro no tratamento das varizes esofágicas e de custo acessível para ser utilizado em larga escala 3,9,10,11 . Tanto a escleroterapia quanto a ligadura são efetivas no tratamento das varizes esofágicas, entretanto, a incidência de complicações e a recorrência de sangramento são menos freqüentes após a ligadura 12 . Steigmann 9 e colaboradores relataram que a ...

Background: Endoscopic treatment of precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer has been widely accepted in recent years. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), following established indication criteria, can lead to cure of the disease in more than 90% of cases. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the use of ESD in patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, as well as the results of the procedure, its complications and effectiveness in controlling the disease. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study composed of 41 patients aged from 53 to 87 years (mean age: 65 years; 58.53% male) who were analyzed from 2008 to 2019. The variables collected from the medical records were: comorbidities, classification of the lesion regarding resection criteria, type of resection, histology, degree of invasion, resection margin, complications, disease recurrence. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the McNemar’s test, and the Mann-Whitney test, with 5% statistical significance (P<0.05). Results: The most frequent site of the lesion was the gastric antrum and the predominant presentation by the Japanese or Paris classification was the one with depressed components in 56.09%. Adenocarcinoma occurred in 75.6% of the biopsies, and the remainder were adenomas without neoplasia. En-bloc resection occurred in 97.57% of cases, and compromise of the safety margin occurred in one patient. The main pre-existing comorbidity was liver cirrhosis in 29.26% of cases. There was a significant increase in post- ESD adenocarcinoma compared to pre-resection diagnosis. The mean follow-up time was 38.4 months, with one recurrence (2.43%) and two metachronous lesions (4.87%). Complications during and after the procedure occurred in three patients (7.31%), being due to bleeding (two cases) and perforation (one case). There was one death due to a cardiac event not directly related to the procedure. Conclusion: Endoscopic submucosal dissection proved to be a safe procedure, with a low complication and recurrence rate. Its recommendation must occur within the established criteria; however, it can be indicated for patients outside the criteria, if there is a high risk for surgical treatment.