Resumo Em 2020, completamos 30 anos desde a publicação das Leis Orgânicas do Sistema Único de Saúde. Desde então, a mudança no perfil de morbimortalidade tem desafiado a gestão, para que o serviço de saúde consiga atender à grande heterogeneidade dos quase seis mil municípios. Para isso, é necessário monitorar os principais indicadores do país. O objetivo do presente estudo foi apresentar uma visão geral das tendências de mortalidade e morbidade no Brasil entre 1990 e 2019. Utilizamos os dados do Estudo de Carga Global de Doenças para descrever a morbimortalidade pelos grandes grupos (doenças infecciosas, doenças crônicas e causas externas), segundo sexo e grupos etários. Há redução da morbimortalidade no período, independente do grupo de causa ou faixa etária, com variada diferença entre sexo de acordo com o grupo de causas. A contribuição das doenças crônicas é crescente com a progressão da idade, com diferença substancial segundo o sexo. As curvas de mortalidade e de anos perdidos por incapacidade possuem padrão típico, com destaque ao padrão diferenciado para curvas de homens por causas externas, com marcada sobremortalidade em idades jovens. A tendência ratifica o declínio dos indicadores de forma linear no período.
Objetivo: realizar estratificação de risco para disseminação e gravidade da Covid-19 nas unidades da federação (UF) brasileiras a partir de características apontadas como situações de risco. Métodos: foram selecionados alguns indicadores sociais, demográficos e de saúde e submetidos à análise de componentes principais. Em seguida foi possível dividir as UF por análise de cluster. A partir da carga fatorial dos componentes, obtivemos um escore para as UF, que foram estratificadas quanto ao risco de disseminação e mortalidade da Covid-19. Resultados: os componentes referem-se às condições assistenciais, de saúde (incluindo fatores de risco), demográficas e sociais. Estes componentes permitiram a classificação final das 27 UF, com diferença na ordem quanto ao potencial de disseminação e a mortalidade. Conclusão: espera-se que a estratificação de risco possa ser uma medida de apoio à saúde pública, definindo áreas com maior potencial de dano, no sentido de subsidiar a criação de estratégias de intervenção prioritárias.
Objectives: to analyze the fertility pattern in Brazil and its relationship with human development in the Brazilian federation units in 2000 and 2010. Methods: this is an ecological study whose unit of analysis was the Brazilian Federative Units in the period of 2000 and 2010. The fertility was assessed considering the social (HDI), inequality, (Gini, Theil and Income Ratio) and fertility indicators (fertility rate and mean age of fertility). Results: Brazil has been experiencing a rapid fertility transition. The pattern of fertility curves changed in all Federative Units between 2000 and 2010, with a reduction in cusp size and postponement of fecundity. This change was more evident among the Federative Units with better development and lower inequality. The correlation between social and fertility indicators lost strength in the period, corroborating the transition hypothesis. Conclusions: there is a direct relation between the fecundity and inequality indicators, and inversing human development. Changes should be taken in consideration in the age structure of the population, as well as inequality indicators, for better planning in public policies for public health.
The production, compilation, and publication of death registration records is complex and usually involves many institutions. Assessing available data and the evolution of the completeness of the data compiled based on demographic techniques and other available data sources is of great importance for countries and for having timely and disaggregated mortality estimates. In this paper, we assess whether it is reasonable, based on the available data, to assume that there is a sex difference in the completeness of male and female death records in Peru in the last 30 years. In addition, we assess how the gap may have evolved with time by applying two-census death distribution methods on health-related registries and analyzing the information from the Demographic and Health Surveys and civil registries. Our findings suggest that there is no significant sex difference in the completeness of male and female health-related registries and, consequently, the sex gap currently observed in adult mortality estimates might be overestimated.
Since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, Brazil has been among the countries that have been heavily affected by this novel disease. From March 2020 onwards, records of deaths in Brazil increased as the number of COVID-19 infections skyrocketed. Consequently, many studies have tried to explain how this illness has affected the overall number of deaths since the start of the pandemic, and have examined the question of whether mortality related to COVID-19 has led to reductions in life expectancy. However, at the time of writing, there have been few empirical analyses of the effects of the pandemic on births. In this study, we sought to investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the recent birth counts of six large cities in Brazil by assessing the most up-to-date vital statistics data that are available. Using data from the municipal health departments of these cities, we compared the number of monthly births from October–December 2020 and January–March 2021 with the number of new-borns in similar months and years before the pandemic. Our results show that there was a strong decline in the number of births in some of the cities analysed, and that most of the reductions occurred among women around the age of 30 years old. It appears that because of the uncertainty surrounding the pandemic, women have been postponing or foregoing the realisation of their fertility intentions, which may have led to a temporary baby bust in some cities of Brazil. However, the COVID-19 pandemic was not found to be associated with faster reductions in births in all Brazilian cities. Indeed, in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte, the decreasing trend in birth counts appears to have slowed down, or even reversed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.