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Poor ventilation at day care centres (DCCs) was already reported, although its effects on attending children are not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between wheezing in children and indoor CO 2 (a ventilation surrogate marker) in DCC and to identify behaviours and building characteristics potentially related to CO 2 . In phase I, 45 DCCs from Lisbon and Oporto (Portugal) were selected through a proportional stratified random sampling. In phase II, 3 months later, 19 DCCs were further reassessed after cluster analysis for the greatest difference comparison. In both phases, children's respiratory health was assessed by ISAAC-derived questionnaires. Indoor CO 2 concentrations and building Communicated by David NadalWhat is known-what is new: Poor ventilation at day care centres (DCC) was already reported. The results of the present study suggest that poor ventilation in DCC could be related to wheezing in children. Even though natural actions could not be sufficient to provide ventilation and reduce CO 2 to acceptable levels, the increment of natural ventilation through effective open window practices and adjusting the number of children in each classroom may be considered.P. Carreiro-Martins : I. Caires : J. Araújo-Martins :

Food allergy (FA) prevalence data in infants and preschool-age children are sparse, and proposed risk factors lack confirmation. In this study, 19 children's day care centers (DCC) from 2 main Portuguese cities were selected after stratification and cluster analysis. An ISAAC's (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) derived health questionnaire was applied to a sample of children attending DCCs. Outcomes were FA parental report and anaphylaxis. Logistic regression was used to explore potential risk factors for reported FA. From the 2228 distributed questionnaires, 1217 were included in the analysis (54.6%). Children's median age was 3.5 years, and 10.8% were described as ever having had FA. Current FA was reported in 5.7%. Three (0.2%) reports compatible with anaphylaxis were identified. Reported parental history of FA, personal history of atopic dermatitis, and preterm birth increased the odds for reported current FA. A high prevalence of parental-perceived FA in preschool-age children was identified. Risk factor identification may enhance better prevention.

This paper outlines methods that might be implemented by other investigators conducting studies on the association between respiratory health and indoor air quality at DCC.

RESUMOA hemorragia do ouvido interno é uma doença rara com sintomas incapacitantes e mau prognóstico funcional. As etiologias mais comuns estão relacionadas com discrasias sanguíneas, terapêutica anticoagulante ou traumatismo local. A associação com doenças autoimunes é excecional. Os autores relatam um caso de surdez súbita e vertigem em doente com artrite reumatóide, causada por hemorragia labiríntica. O quadro clínico e a evolução da função audiovestibular são descritos juntamente com os achados imagiológi-cos em ressonância magnética. Tanto quanto é do conhecimento dos autores, este é o primeiro caso descrito de recuperação da função vestibular após hemorragia labiríntica. Palavras-chave: Ouvido Interno; Surdez Súbita; Hemorragia; Vertigem; Potenciais Miogénicos Evocados Vestibulares Cervicais; Testes Audiovestibulares; Vestíbulo do Labirinto. ABSTRACTInner ear haemorrhage is a rare disorder with disabling symptoms. Prognosis is generally considered to be poor with essentially no chance of functional recovery. The most common aetiologies are related to blood dyscrasias, anticoagulant therapy or local trauma. The association with autoimmune diseases is exceptional. The authors report a case of sudden deafness with vertigo in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, caused by labyrinthine haemorrhage. Clinical picture and progress of audiovestibular function are described along with imagiological features from magnetic resonance imaging. Inner ear haemorrhage is a rare disorder with disabling symptoms and poor prognosis. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case described with documented vestibular function recovery following labyrinthine haemorrhage.