Overview 363 3.6.2. Indirect Evidence of the Influences of Organic Matter on Calcium Carbonate 363 3.6.3. Direct Evidence for Organic Matter Adsorption on Calcium Carbonate 365 4. Oceanic Sources of Marine Carbonates 366 4.1. Overview 366 4.2. Primary Carbonate Sources for Deep Sea Sediments 366 4.3. Shallow Water Biogenic Carbonate Sources 367 4.3.1. General Considerations 367 4.3.2. Sources of Fine-Grained Carbonate Sediments 367 4.3.3. Sources of Carbonate Sands 368 4.3.4. Carbonate Cements 370 4.3.5. Dolomite Formation 371 4.3.6. Carbonate Minerals Formed in Siliciclastic Sediments 371 5. Dissolution of Calcium Carbonate 372 5.1. Dissolution of Carbonate Minerals in the Pelagic Environment 372 5.1.1. General Considerations 372 5.1.2. Dissolution in the Water Column 372 5.1.3. Dissolution on the Deep Sea Floor 372 5.2. Dissolution of Carbonate Minerals in Carbonate-Rich Shallow Water Sediments 373 6. Response of Carbonate-Rich Sediments to the Acidification of the Ocean Due to Rising Atmospheric pCO 2 374 6.1. General Principles and Considerations 374 6.2. The Major Ocean Basins 374 6.3. Shallow Water Carbonate-Rich Sediments 375 7. Summary and Thoughts on Possible Future Research Directions 375 7.1. Summary 375 7.2. Thoughts on Possible Future Research Directions 377 8. Acknowledgements 378 9. References 378
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