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Introduction: Considering the reduction of physical activity performed daily in people with spinal cord injury, it is necessary to analyze the interventions based on physical exercises in order to provide recommendations based on evidence. Objectives: To review and evaluate the literature on physical exercise interventions for individuals with SCI, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, as well as physiological parameters for exercise prescription. Method: A systematic review of the literature produced from August 2016 to February 2017 within the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE databases. Results: Two independent examiners conducted a search in which 223 articles were initially found. A third evaluator verified possible divergences and generated a final list of 25 articles that strictly met the inclusion criteria, 5 of which investigated the effects of aerobic exercise, 2 of resistance training, 2 of balance training, 12 of gait training, and 4 evaluating the combined effect of 2 or more forms of training. Conclusion: Considering studies classified as of high and moderate quality of evidence, positive effects were observed in the domains of structures and functions, in aerobic, resistance training and combined exercises, and in some studies with gait training. In the domain of activities and participation, positive effects were observed in the studies with gait training, balance training, and combined interventions.

RESUMO -Informações relativas a aspectos físicos, como volume (VOL), turbilhonamento (TURB), motilidade (MOT), vigor (VIG) e concentração (CONC), e aspectos morfológicos, como defeitos maiores (DMA) e menores (DME), de 807 coletas de sêmen (CS) de 105 touros da raça Gir selecionados para leite, e suas respectivas medidas de circunferência escrotal (CE), foram utilizadas para estudar os fatores que afetam essas características e suas correlações. Modelos uni e bivariados, que incluíram os efeitos da central de inseminação, do ano e da época da CS ou da medida da CE , da idade à CS ou da medida CE e touro, foram utilizados para avaliar os efeitos destas fontes de variação e as correlações entre as características. Os efeitos da central de inseminação e de touro foram significativos para todas as características. A idade afetou apenas CE, TURB e NEMOV (= VOL x CONC x MOT). As repetibilidades, estimadas pelo modelo univariado, variaram de 0,23, para CONC, a 0,70, para TURB. As correlações fenotípicas estimadas pelos modelos bivariados foram, em geral, no sentido favorável. As correlações de Pearson entre a CE e as demais características variaram de -0,19 a 0,35. As correlações obtidas, em geral no sentido favorável, sugerem que a CE pode ser utilizada como característica de eliminação prévia dos touros que são candidatos à coleta de sêmen.Palavras-chave: circunferência escrotal, correlações, qualidade de sêmen, repetibilidade Correlations among Semen Quality Traits and Scrotal Circumference of Sires of the Gyr BreedABSTRACT -Data related with semen characteristics such as volume (VOL), gross motility (TURB), motility (MOT), vigor (VIG), concentration (CONC), major defects (DMA) and minor defects (DME) from 807 semen output (CS) of 105 sires of the Gyr breed selected for milk production, and their measurements of scrotal circumference (CE) were used to study factors that affect these traits and the correlations among them. Uni and bivariate animal models that included the fixed effects of AI company, year and season of CS or CE measurement, age at CS or CE measurement, and random animal (bull) effect were used to evaluate the effects of these source of variation and the correlation between those traits. AI company and sire had a significant effect on all traits. Age affected only CE, TURB and NEMOV (= VOL x CONC x MOT). Repetabilities estimated by univariate model ranged from 0.23 for CONC to 0.70 for TURB. In general, phenotypic correlations, estimated by bivariate model were in a favorable direction. Pearson correlation between CE and all other traits ranged from -0.19 to 0.35. The recorded correlations, in general in a favorable direction, suggested that CE could be used as an elimination trait of sire to be pre-selected as a semen donor. IntroduçãoA contribuição do touro, seja por monta natural ou pelo uso da inseminação artificial, para a eficiência reprodutiva e a produção de leite e/ou carne, é de grande importância, porque cada touro representa a metade da composição genética de suas progênies. Como milhares...

In this work, a graphite-epoxy electrode with cyclic voltammetry electrodeposited reduced graphene oxide and nickel oxyhydroxide nanoparticles was prepared by decomposition in NaOH alkaline solution of cyclic voltammetry electrodeposited nickel hexacyanoferrate. FE-SEM studies were performed to confirm the NiOOH nanoparticle; the average size of the NiOOH nanoparticles was 61 ± 16 nm and EDX was applied to analyze chemical composition. To verify the performance of the prepared electrode, it was used in the electrooxidation of alcohols in alkaline medium by cyclic voltammetry. By performing different calibration experiments of methanol, ethanol, and glycerol, it was possible to extract some information about the electrode in the presence of alcohols. The LOD for methanol, ethanol, and glycerol were 2.16 mM, 2.73 mM and 0.09 mM, respectively, with sensitivity values of 1.32 µA mM −1 , 1.80 µA mM −1 and 24.60 µA mM −1 , respectively. Multivariate inspection of the data using Principal Component Analysis (performed with the ClustVis online tool) demonstrated the potential ability to discriminate between the different alcohols, whereas the explained variance with the first two components was as high as 89.7%.