The extended Q-range small-angle neutron scattering diffractometer (EQ-SANS) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge, is designed for wide neutron momentum transfer (Q) coverage, high neutron beam intensity and good wavelength resolution. In addition, the design and construction of the instrument aim to achieve a maximum signal-to-noise ratio by minimizing the background. The instrument is located on the high-power target station at the SNS. One of the key components in the primary flight path is the neutron optics, consisting of a curved multichannel beam bender and sections of straight neutron guides. They are optimized to minimize neutron transport loss, thereby maximizing the available flux on the sample. They also enable the avoidance of a direct line of sight to the neutron moderator at downstream locations. The instrument has three bandwidth-limiting choppers. They allow a novel frameskipping operation, which enables the EQ-SANS diffractometer to achieve a dynamic Q range equivalent to that of a similar machine on a 20 Hz source. The two-dimensional low-angle detector, based on 3 He tube technologies, offers very high counting rates and counting efficiency. Initial operations have shown that the instrument has achieved its design goals.
The aim of this work was to better understand the electrochemical
processes occurring during the cycling of a lithium half-cell based
on ordered mesoporous hard carbon with time-resolved in situ small-angle
neutron scattering (SANS). Utilizing electrolytes containing mixtures
of deuterated (2H) and nondeuterated (1H) carbonates,
we have addressed the challenging task of monitoring the formation
and evolution of the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer.
An evolution occurs in the SEI layer during discharge from a composition
dominated by a higher scattering length density (SLD) lithium salt
to a lower SLD lithium salt for the ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate
(EC/DMC) mixture employed. By comparing half-cells containing different
solvent deuteration levels, we show that it is possible to observe
both SEI formation and lithium intercalation occurring concurrently
at the low voltage region in which lithium intercalates into the hard
carbon. These results demonstrate that SANS can be employed to better
understand complicated electrochemical processes occurring in rechargeable
batteries, in a manner that simultaneously provides information on
the composition and microstructure of the electrode.
Background:The structure of activated ezrin is not known. Results: We have determined the conformation of activated ezrin upon binding to PIP 2 and to F-actin. Conclusion: Activated ezrin forms more extensive contacts with F-actin than generally depicted. Significance: This study provides new insight into the mechanisms by which ezrin assembles signaling complexes at the membrane-cytoskeleton interface.
By using temperature-dependent neutron powder diffraction combined with maximum entropy method analysis, a previously unreported Li lattice site was discovered in the argyrodite Li6PS5Cl solid-state electrolyte. This new finding enables...
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