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The long noncoding RNA HOXA-AS3 has recently been reported to act as a critical regulator in inflammation-linked lung adenocarcinoma. However, the roles of HOXA-AS3 in endothelium inflammation and related vascular disorders remain poorly defined. In the current study, we identified HOXA-AS3 to be a critical activator to promote NF-κB-mediated endothelium inflammation. HOXA-AS3, a chromatin-associated regulator which colocalizes with NF-κB at specific gene promoters, was found to interact with NF-κB and positively regulate its activity through control of the expression of the NF-κB inhibitor protein IκBα and the acetylation status at the K310 site of p65. More importantly, clinicopathological analysis showed that HOXA-AS3 expression has a significant positive correlation with atherosclerosis. Thus, we conclude that HOXA-AS3 may serve as a crucial biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis, as well as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of multiple inflammatory vascular diseases. In addition, this study suggests the functional importance of HOXA-AS3 in the regulation of inflammatory disorders.

As is previously reported, mesenchymal stem cells have potential ability to differentiate into osteocytes. However, the underlying mechanism during this biological process is poorly understood. In the present study, we identify a novel long non‐coding RNA named HOXA‐AS2 as a critical regulator during the formation of osteogenesis. Attenuation of HOXA‐AS2 can reduce the calcium deposition and repress the alkaline phosphatase activity. Moreover, the expressions of osteogenic marker genes are markedly downregulated after HOXA‐AS2 depletion. Mechanistically, we found HOXA‐AS2 can regulate the transcriptional activity of NF‐κB, a critical inhibitor of osteogenesis. More importantly, HOXA‐AS2 knockdown could result in the transcriptional repression of the osteogenic master transcription factor SP7 by a NF‐κB/HDAC2‐coordinated H3K27 deacetylation mechanism. Based on these studies, we conclude that HOXA‐AS2 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for bone tissue repair and regeneration in the near future.