Abstract. With the continued urban sprawl, numerous community planners promote the idea of smart growth, an approach to direct development in a long-range, sustainable way. Combining the concepts of the three E's of sustainability and 10 accepted principles, we put forward our theory of four E"s of sustainability.First, we formulate a metric to measure smart growth of a city. We determine the weights of four E's and initiatives via AHP. Then, we score plan policies according to how specific the initiative states in words. Finally, we sum them up by weight, getting the aggregate score of a plan. Then, we choose Jia Yuguan in China and Long Beach in the United States for further study. We find the policies dealing with economic prosperity score higher in Jia Yuguan. And the policies in Long Beach fund for solving housing problems seem to be more effective. Finally, on a basis of the geography, expected growth rates, and economic chances, we propose new growth plans with the detailed reason. With our metric, redesigned urban plans score higher than before, which validates that refined plans meet the smart growth to a larger extent.
A new approach based on the moire theory and image processing is suggested for measuring the distance between a chargecouple-device(CCD)camera and a two-dimensional grating target . When the moire pattern is generated by the image of the target grating and the grids ofthe CCD elements , the close-range distance can be measured by calculating the spacing of the moire pitches using the Fourier transform technique traditionally.According to our experiment , there are distortions generated when a moire pattern image of higher and lower resolution is processed by fast Fourier transform and then the error is taken place. It shows the fast Fourier transform technique is not suitable for the various resolutions of moire pattern image.In this article , we present the discrete wavelet transform technique to calculate the spacing of moire pitches alternatively. The various resolutions of moire fringe pattern can be processed by the discrete wavelet transform technique to get a periodic waveform . The results we obtained show that the outcomes are satisfactory and error is minimized.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.