An artificial, bifunctional, thermostable cellulase-xylanase enzyme from Thermotoga maritima by gene fusion. The fusion protein exhibited both cellulase and xylanase activity when xynA was fused downstream of cel5C but no activities were shown when xynA was fused upstream of cel5C. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 5.0 and 80 degrees C over 30 min. E. coli expressed the fusion enzyme, with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 152 kDa by carboxymethyl cellulose- and xylan-SDS-PAGE.
Purpose: Assessment of the proliferative ability of cancer cells is necessary not only for the biologic characterization of tumors, but also for the selection of treatment and evaluation of prognosis. Recently, there have been several studies examining the proliferative activity of various malignant tumors using immunohistochemical methods. PCNA is a nuclear protein related to the cell cycle and found with high expression in proliferative tissues, including cancers. Methods: In our study, to evaluate whether PCNA expression was useful as a prognostic factor in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, we quantitated the immunohistochemical expression of PCNA in the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue from 55 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and correlated the results with established clinicopathologic parameters. Results: The results were as follows. 1) PCNA expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma did not correlate with the age, sex or metastatic L/N activity of the patient, nor with the size, invasion, or recurrence of the tumor. 2) There was a close relationship between the expression rate of PCNA in thyroid tumor cells and that in metastatic L/N cells (p=0.056, in p 0.1).3) The expression of PCNA in the metastatic L/N (+) group was higher than in the metastatic L/N (-) group (p=0.045). Conclusion: It is suggested that PCNA expression is not an appropriate prognostic factor in papillary thyroid carcinoma. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2001;1:61-66)
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