BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the important causes of disease burden in the general population. Given the experiencing rapid economic and social changes since the early 1990s and the internationally recognized diagnostic criteria and interview instruments across the surveys during 2001–2010 in china, the epidemiological studies on MDD got varied results. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate current, 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates of MDD in mainland China.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Chinese Biological Medical Literature database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), and the Chinese Wanfang and Chongqing VIP database were searched for associated studies. We estimated the overall prevalence of MDD using meta-analysis.ConclusionsSeventeen eligible studies were included. Our study showed that the overall estimation of current, 12-month and lifetime prevalence of MDD was 1.6, 2.3, 3.3%, respectively. The current prevalence was 2.0 and 1.7% in rural and urban areas, respectively; between female and male, it was 2.1 and 1.3%, respectively. In addition, the current prevalence of MDD diagnosed with SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV) was 1.8% and that diagnosed with CIDI (Composite International Diagnostic Interview) was 1.1%. In conclusion, our study revealed a relatively high prevalence rate in the lifetime prevalence of MDD. For current prevalence, MDD diagnosed with SCID had a higher prevalence rate than with CIDI; males showed a lower rate than females, rural residents seemed to have a greater risk of MDD than urban residents.

Although anxiety disorders (ADs) have been recognized as one of the most prevalent mental disorders in mainland China, the prevalence of ADs has not been reported until now. The lack of a consolidated and comparable review on the prevalence of ADs in mainland China necessitated this meta-analysis to measure the prevalence. To identify the relevant studies on ADs for the analysis, we searched published studies in electronic databases up to July 2015. The pooled prevalence in the overall population and the prevalences by gender and location were estimated. A total of 21 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled current/lifetime prevalences of ADs, generalized AD, non-specific AD, panic disorder, social phobia, agoraphobia, specific phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder were 24.47‰/41.12‰, 5.17‰/4.66‰, 8.30‰/6.89‰, 1.08‰/3.44‰, 0.70‰/4.11‰, 0.19‰/2.15‰, 0.63‰/19.61‰, 0.49‰/1.83‰, and 0.90‰/3.17‰, respectively. Subgroup analyses indicated that compared with males, females had a consistently significantly higher prevalence of ADs. However, no difference was observed between those in urban and rural areas. The pooled prevalence of ADs was relatively lower than those of some other countries. A higher prevalence of ADs in women than in men was commonly observed, whereas the prevalences in urban and rural areas were nearly the same.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the primary causes of premature death and disability worldwide. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature regarding the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus in mainland China. PUBMED, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Infrastructure database, Chinese Wan Fang database, and Chongqing VIP database were searched. Fifty-six eligible studies were included. Increasing trends in the prevalence, treatment, and control of diabetes in mainland China from 1979 to 2012 were observed. The pooled prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus were 6.41%, 45.81%, 42.54%, and 20.87%, respectively. A higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found in urban (7.48%, 95%CI = 5.45~9.50) than rural (6.53%, 95%CI = 4.30~8.76) areas. Furthermore, an increasing chronological tendency was shown in different subgroups of age with regard to the prevalence of diabetes. A higher awareness of DM was found in urban (44.25%, 95%CI = 32.60~55.90) than rural (34.27%, 95%CI = 21.00~47.54) populations, and no significant differences were found in the treatment, and control of diabetes among the subgroups stratified by gender and location. From 1979 to 2012, the prevalence, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus increased; nevertheless, there was no obvious improvement in the awareness of diabetes.

The prevalence estimate results were consistent with the international prevalence estimate of schizophrenia in mainland China. There was no significant difference between males and females, while prevalence for urban dwellers was higher than for rural.

The results of studies investigating the associations between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH) risk exhibit much controversy. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed in order to examine the associations between GST variants and ADIH risk. A total of 451 relevant studies were identified through the digital medical databases Medline, Embase, and CBM published up to October 2012. Thirteen individual case-control studies were eventually recruited for GSTM1 null polymorphism (including 951 ADIH cases, 1,922 controls) and 12 studies for GSTT1 null polymorphism (847 cases, 1,811 controls). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were appropriately calculated from fixed-effects or random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were stratified by ethnicity and different treatment combinations. The overall ORs of relevant studies that exhibited elevated ADIH risk was significantly associated with GSTM1 null genotypes (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.04-1.79), but for the GSTT1 polymorphism, no difference was found (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.82-1.18). In the subgroup analyses, the pooled results showed that GSTM1 null allele carriers had a significant association with ADIH risk in East Asians and the patients who used isoniazid (INH) + rifampicin (RMP) + pyrazinamide (PZA) + ethambutol (EMB), or + streptomycin (SM) (HRZES), but the opposite result was observed for patients using HR. Moreover, the GSTT1 null genotype evaluated the susceptibility to ADIH for tuberculosis using HRZ. This meta-analysis provides evidence that there may be an increased risk of ADIH in individuals with null genotypes of GSTM1 in the total population, especially East Asians and patients receiving HRZE or HRZES. However, polymorphisms of the GSTT1 null genotype seem to have no association with susceptibility to ADIH, except for patients receiving HRZ.