Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and microRNA (miRNA)–target interactions are important for deciphering the mechanisms of tumorigenesis. However, current PPI databases do not support cancer-specific analysis. Also, no available databases can be used to retrieve cancer-associated miRNA–target interactions. As the pathogenesis of human cancers is affected by several miRNAs rather than a single miRNA, it is needed to uncover miRNA synergism in a systems level. Here for each cancer type, we constructed a miRNA–miRNA functionally synergistic network based on the functions of miRNA targets and their topological features in that cancer PPI network. And for the first time, we report the cancer-specific database CancerNet (http://bis.zju.edu.cn/CancerNet), which contains information about PPIs, miRNA–target interactions and functionally synergistic miRNA–miRNA pairs across 33 human cancer types. In addition, PPI information across 33 main normal tissues and cell types are included. Flexible query methods are allowed to retrieve cancer molecular interactions. Network viewer can be used to visualize interactions that users are interested in. Enrichment analysis tool was designed to detect significantly overrepresented Gene Ontology categories of miRNA targets. Thus, CancerNet serves as a comprehensive platform for assessing the roles of proteins and miRNAs, as well as their interactions across human cancers.
A novel and facile synthesis route for the manufacture of transparent and uniform nanocrystalline
(nc)-TiO2
thin films on indium–tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates is reported, utilizing
TiCl4
as the titania source and triblock copolymer as the uniform-structure-directing agent
through evaporation-induced assembly (EIA). A systematic study of the effect of the
calcining temperature on the texture, morphology, and photo-induced hydrophilicity of
nc-TiO2
thin films is provided. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, transmission
electron microscopy, and a contact angle meter were used to study the
nc-TiO2
thin films obtained by calcination at different temperatures. Both the increase of
calcination temperature and irradiation by UV light result in a pronounced decrease of
water contact angle.
Articles you may be interested inFerroelectric domain structure of PbZr0.35Ti0.65O3 single crystals by piezoresponse force microscopy Domain evolution in ferroelectric thin films during fatigue process J. Appl. Phys. 97, 104102 (2005); 10.1063/1.1894603 90° domain wall relaxation and frequency dependence of the coercive field in the ferroelectric switching processPhase field simulations are conducted to investigate the micro-structural signature and the macro-response of a ferroelectric single crystal with domain pinning and depinning phenomena by dislocation arrays. It is shown that due to the presence of the dislocation arrays, a domain with polarizations antiparallel to an applied field can survive under the small amplitude of applied field. The residual domain serves as a pre-existing nucleus during the following macroscopic switching via only domain wall motion. The pinned domain will be depinned when the external electric field amplitude exceeds a critical value, which highly depends on the dislocation spacing in the dislocation array. Due to the pinning and depinning effect, an asymmetric hysteresis loop of polarization versus electric field might appear when a bias field is applied. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
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