We demonstrate a hybrid architecture consisting of a quantum dot circuit coupled to a single mode of the electromagnetic field. We use single wall carbon nanotube based circuits inserted in superconducting microwave cavities. By probing the nanotube-dot using a dispersive read-out in the Coulomb blockade and the Kondo regime, we determine an electron-photon coupling strength which should enable circuit QED experiments with more complex quantum dot circuits.PACS numbers: 73.63.Fg An atom coupled to a harmonic oscillator is one of the most illuminating paradigms for quantum measurements and amplification [1]. Recently, the joint development of artificial two-level systems and high finesse microwave resonators in superconducting circuits has brought the realization of this model on-chip [2,3]. This "circuit Quantum Electro-Dynamics" architecture allows, at least in principle, to combine circuits with an arbitrary complexity. In this context, quantum dots can also be used as artificial atoms [4,5]. Importantly, these systems often exhibit many-body features if coupled strongly to Fermi seas, as epitomized by the Kondo effect. Combining such quantum dots with microwave cavities would therefore enable the study of a new type of coupled fermionicphotonic systems.Cavity quantum electrodynamics [6] and its electronic counterpart circuit quantum electrodynamics[1] address the interaction of light and matter in their most simple form i.e. down to a single photon and a single atom (real or artificial). In the field of strongly correlated electronic systems, the Anderson model follows the same purified spirit [7]. It describes a single electronic level with onsite Coulomb repulsion coupled to a Fermi sea. In spite of its apparent simplicity, this model allows to capture non-trivial many body features of electronic transport in nanoscale circuits. It contains a wide spectrum of physical phenomena ranging from resonant tunnelling and Coulomb blockade to the Kondo effect. Thanks to progress in nanofabrication techniques, the Anderson model has been emulated in quantum dots made out of two dimensional electron gas[8], C60 molecules [9] or carbone nanotubes [10]. Here, we mix the two above situations. We couple a quantum dot in the Coulomb blockade or in the Kondo regime to a single mode of the electromagnetic field and take a step further towards circuit QED experiments with quantum dots. * To whom correspondence should be addressed: kontos@lpa.ens. fr FIG. 1: a. Schematics of the quantum dot embedded in the microwave cavity. The transmitted microwave field has different amplitude and phase from the input field as a result of its interaction with the quantum dot inside the cavity. The quantum dot is connected to "wires" and capacitively coupled to a gate electrode in the conventional 3-terminal transport geometry. b. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) picture in false colors of the coplanar waveguide resonator. Both the typical coupling capacitance geometry of one port of the resonator and the 3-terminals geometry are visib...
Electron spins and photons are complementary quantum-mechanical objects that can be used to carry, manipulate and transform quantum information. To combine these resources, it is desirable to achieve the coherent coupling of a single spin to photons stored in a superconducting resonator. Using a circuit design based on a nanoscale spin-valve, we coherently hybridize the individual spin and charge states of a double quantum dot while preserving spin coherence. This scheme allows us to achieve spin-photon coupling up to the MHz range at the single spin level. The cooperativity is found to reach 2.3, and the spin coherence time is about 60ns. We thereby demonstrate a mesoscopic device suitable for nondestructive spin read-out and distant spin coupling.The methods of cavity quantum electrodynamics hold promise for an efficient use of the spin degree of freedom in the context of quantum computation and simulation (1). Realizing a coherent coupling between a single spin and cavity photons could enable quantum nondemolition readout of a single spin, quantum spin manipulation, and facilitate the coupling of distant spins (1,2,3,4). It could also be used in hybrid architectures in which single spins are coupled to superconducting quantum bits (5), or to simulate one-dimensional spin chains (6).The natural coupling of a spin to the magnetic part of the electromagnetic field is weak (7). In order to enhance it, one needs a large spin ensemble, typically of about 10 12 spins (8,9,10,11,12,13), but these ensembles lose the intrinsic non-linearity of a single spin 1/2.Alternatively, several theoretical proposals have been put forward to electrically couple single spins to superconducting resonators in a mesoscopic circuit (14,15,16,17), building on the exquisite accuracy with which superconducting circuits can be used to couple superconducting qubits and photons and manipulate them (18). One such approach is to engineer an artificial spin-photon interaction by using ferromagnetic reservoirs (15).Noteworthy, the spin/photon coupling is also raising experimental efforts in the optical domain (19,20,21,22,23), but the circuit approach presents the significant advantage of scalability.Recent experiments have demonstrated the coupling of double quantum dot charge states to coplanar waveguide resonators, with a coupling strength gcharge ≈ 2 10 -50 MHz (24,25,26,27,28). In Ref,(29), the spin blockade read-out technique in quantum dots (30) was combined with charge sensing with a microwave resonator (31). In contrast to this spinblockade scheme, here we use the ferromagnetic proximity effect in a coherent conductor to engineer a spin-photon coupling. Our scheme relies on the use of a non collinear spin valve geometry, which realizes an artificial spin orbit interaction (15). Specifically, we contact two non collinear ferromagnets on a carbon nanotube double quantum dot.Our device is shown in Fig. 1, A-C. Our resonator is similar to a previous experiment (27) with a coupling scheme adapted from (24). It is a Nb resonator with a qua...
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