We classify the gauge-invariant ideals in the C * -algebras of infinite directed graphs, and describe the quotients as graph algebras. We then use these results to identify the gauge-invariant primitive ideals in terms of the structural properties of the graph, and describe the K-theory of the C * -algebras of arbitrary infinite graphs.

This study investigates the relative effects of four types of family‐friendly policies—child care subsidies, paid leave for family care, telework, and alternative work schedules—on turnover rates and effectiveness in federal agencies. Contemporary social exchange theory predicts that an agency’s average level of satisfaction with a specific family‐friendly policy is negatively associated with turnover in the agency but positively associated with overall performance. This analysis differs from common expectations. Only child care subsidies show a positive, significant influence on reducing turnover. Child care subsidies and alternative work schedules reflect positive and significant influences on agency effectiveness. Ironically, an agency’s average satisfaction with telework arrangements proves to be a significant but negative effect on performance.

We construct the C * -algebra C(L q (p; m 1 , . . . , m n )) of continuous functions on the quantum lens space as the fixed point algebra for a suitable action of Z p on the algebra C(S 2n−1 q ), corresponding to the quantum odd dimensional sphere. We show that C(L q (p; m 1 , . . . , m n )) is isomorphic to the graph algebra C * L (p;m1,...,mn) 2n−1. This allows us to determine the ideal structure and, at least in principle, calculate the Kgroups of C(L q (p; m 1 , . . . , m n )). Passing to the limit with natural imbeddings of the quantum lens spaces we construct the quantum infinite lens space, or the quantum EilenbergMacLane space of type (Z p , 1). Introduction.Classical lens spaces L(p; m 1 , . . . , m n ) are defined as the orbit spaces of suitable free actions of finite cyclic groups on odd dimensional spheres (e.g., see [13]). In the present article, we define and investigate their quantum analogues. The C * -algebras of continuous functions on the quantum lens spaces were introduced earlier by Matsumoto and Tomiyama in [18], but our construction leads to different (in general) algebras. (The very special case of the quantum 3-dimensional real projective space was investigated by Podleś [20] and Lance [17], in the context of the quantum SO(3) group.) The starting point for us is the C * -algebra C(S 2n−1 q ), q ∈ (0, 1), of continuous functions on the quantum odd dimensional sphere. If n = 2 then C(S 3 q ) is nothing but C(SU q (2)) of Woronowicz [27]. The construction in higher dimensions is due to Vaksman and Soibelman [26], and from a somewhat different perspective to Nagy [19]. (See also the closely related construction of representations of the twisted canonical commutation relations due to Pusz and Woronowicz [21].) We define the C * -algebra C(L q (p; m 1 , . . . , m n )) of continuous functions on the quantum lens space as the fixed point algebra for a suitable action of the finite cyclic group Z p on C(S 2n−1 q ). This definition depends on the deformation parameter q ∈ (0, 1), as well as on positive integers p ≥ 2 and m 1 , . . . , m n . We normally assume that each of m 1 , . . . , m n is relatively prime to p. On the classical level, this guarantees freeness of the action. In the special case p = 2, m 1 = · · · = m n = 1 we recover 249

Aim and objectives To explore the experiences of Korean nurses who had directly cared for patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and to derive the structure and meaning of these experiences. Background In 2015, the MERS epidemic struck Korea, and ill‐prepared nurses had to care for patients with MERS. Nurses experienced conflict between their fear of the disease and their work and professional ethic. Design We employed a phenomenological qualitative approach. Methods Inductive, qualitative, in‐depth interviews were performed with 17 nurses. The study process followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist. Results The qualitative inductive content analysis generated seven theme clusters and 18 themes. The theme clusters were “Fear of Uncertainty,” “Beyond Hesitation,” “A Scene Like a Battlefield,” “Chaotic Nursing Identity,” “Buttresses for Sustainability,” “Lingering Trauma” and “Expanded Horizon of Nursing.” The final analysis revealed that the core theme was “Beyond the fear of uncertainty.” Conclusions This study contrives a more in‐depth, holistic understanding by describing the experiences of nurses who directly cared for patients with MERS—the first large‐scale infectious disease in Korea. Although nurses saw themselves as vital caregivers, they were frightened of the disease, had to work in a harsh environment, experienced various internal conflicts and had to deal with varying forms of uncertainty. Relevance to clinical practice This study sheds light on the nursing situation during crises involving serious infectious diseases; to combat these, more medical facilities are needed, and staff should be proactively guided on how to care for patients. It can serve as part of a good foundation for further study of medical staff during recurring epidemics.