Febrile urinary tract infection developed in 34% of patients with primary nonrefluxing megaureter within the first 6 months of life. Circumcision and continuous antibiotic prophylaxis significantly decreased febrile urinary tract infection rates in those infants. Ureteral diameter 17 mm or greater was significantly associated with a higher rate of surgical intervention. Overall 76% of megaureters resolved during a median followup of 19 months.
After patients with vesicoureteral reflux were excluded from the study, females and uncircumcised males with high grade hydroureteronephrosis had significantly higher febrile urinary tract infection rates. Therefore, those patients may benefit from continuous antibiotic prophylaxis.
Our economic analysis found that RTSA for the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures in the elderly is the preferred economic strategy when compared with HA. The ICER of RTSA is well below standard WTP thresholds, and its estimate of cost-effectiveness is similar to other highly successful orthopedic strategies such as total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of hip arthritis.
METHODS: Injury mortality rates were age and sex adjusted. Changes in trend and level of mortality rates were assessed at pre-specified intervention periods using segmented linear regression analyses for interrupted time series. Maximum likelihood estimation was used with a second order autoregressive error process.
RESULTS:From 1950 to 2009, the overall unintentional injury mortality rate decreased by 86%. Males had consistently higher mortality rates compared to females; however, the standardized rate ratio decreased from 2. CONCLUSION: While this study is not a cause and effect analysis, there is a strong association with implementation of safety campaigns and legislative changes related to child safety and a dramatic decline in childhood fatalities related to injury.KEY WORDS: Adolescent; Canada/epidemiology; cause of death; mortality/trends; wounds and injuries/mortality; wounds and injuries/prevention & control; child; preschool; infant La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.
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