A new peanut line has been developed at the University of Florida with about 80% oleic and 3% linoleic acid. Volatiles and sensory characteristics of roasted normal and high oleic acid peanuts stored at 25°C were compared. Volatiles were analyzed using adsorbent trapping and GC-MS, a 20-member trained panel was used for sensory evaluation, and a GC sniffer port was used to evaluate odor characteristics of volatile isolates. Peroxide values were lower for high oleic (HO) peanuts than normal peanuts during storage at 25°C and 40°C. The hexanal content of the peanuts was higher for normal than HO. Peanutty flavor was more stable for HO than normal after 6 wk storage. Painty and cardboard flavors were higher in normal peanuts than HO during storage. Differences for both painty and cardboard flavors were significant after 6 wk storage. Pyrazines were more stable in HO peanuts. Shelf life was estimated from sensory data to be two times longer in HO peanuts.
During 2005-2013, the award-winning website HealthNewsReview.org offered reviews of major media outlets' news stories related to health interventions, including tests, treatments, dietary changes, and prescription drugs. The reviews offered a measure by which the public and journalists themselves could assess the completeness and usefulness of health coverage across 10 criteria for quality reporting. This study produced an analysis of those reviews from 2005 to 2013, indicating significant changes in key areas. Analysis of 1,889 health news story reviews published by HealthNewsReview.org (HNR) between 2005 and 2013 showed that, on average, the stories reviewed during 2005-2010 successfully met just less than half of the criteria, but by 2010-2013, that average had improved to almost 70%. There were significant improvements over time in news organizations' success in meeting six of HNR's 10 criteria for a successful health news story related to drugs, devices, surgery and other medical procedures, and diet; however, when data for television stories were excluded, only the improvement in avoiding disease-mongering remained significant. In addition, there was a statistically significant decline in the percentage of stories rated satisfactory on establishing the true novelty of the intervention discussed in the story. There was no improvement in quantification of possible harms from medical interventions. Changes over time in meeting the criteria were related to outlet type and story topic.
The United States spends more on health care than any other country in the world, but often experiences poorer health outcomes and lower patient satisfaction than other developed countries. One possible explanation for this paradox is overtreatment, the use of medical tests and treatment for which harms outweigh benefits. Because journalists play a key role in informing people about the health care system, including issues such as overtreatment, it is important to understand how they define the issue and its importance. This qualitative study of health news journalists offers an analysis of journalists' perspectives on overtreatment coverage. The interviews produced four major themes in regard to journalists' beliefs about overtreatment and its coverage: journalists' roles and responsibilities, the medical context, causes of overtreatment, and economics/costs. Journalists view overtreatment as an important but complex issue driven by Americans' faith in medicine and cultural norms that make uncertainty unacceptable. The medical contexts most associated with overtreatment are cancer testing and treatment and overprescribing. Journalists see themselves as providing information to help consumers make personal treatment decisions, rather than helping audiences understand health policy. For decades, the American public has expressed dissatisfaction with the U.S. health system; in one recent assessment, two-thirds of Americans graded the overall quality of health care in the country at a "C" or worse (Blendon, Benson, SteelFisher, & Weldon, 2011; Blendon, Brodie, Benson, Altman, & Buhr, 2006). A study of patient satisfaction in 11 Western countries showed greater dissatisfaction with the U.S. system than with those in any of the comparison countries, with more than one-quarter of Americans saying the U.S. health system needs to be completely rebuilt (Papanicolas, Cylus, & Smith, 2013).
Overtreatment, defined as the use of medical tests, products, and services that are not medically necessary or beneficial to the patient, may account for as much as 30% of all U.S. health care expenditures. This article describes a study of the framing of this important health and economic issue in elite U.S. newspapers from January 1, 2007, through December 31, 2010. Within 98 articles providing some mention of overtreatment, analysis revealed three major frames: uncertainty, cost, and legal issues. Within the uncertainty frame, there was a remarkable emphasis on cancer testing and treatment as a driver of overutilization, which may suggest to readers that overtreatment does not occur or is not important in other types of medical care. Relatively few stories paid much attention to the financial costs of overtreatment.
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