With the advancement of medical and digital technologies, smart skin adhesive patches have emerged as a key player for complex medical purposes. In particular, skin adhesive patches with integrated electronics have created an excellent platform for monitoring health conditions and intelligent medication. However, the efficient design of the adhesive patches is still challenging as it requires a strong combination of network structure, adhesion, physical properties, and biocompatibility. To design an assimilated device, one must have a deep knowledge of various skin adhesive patches. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances in skin-adhesive patches, including hydrogel-based adhesive patches, transdermal patches, and electronic skin (E-skin) patches, for various biomedical applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, biosensing, and health monitoring. Furthermore, the key challenges, implementable strategies, and future designs that can potentially provide researchers in designing innovative multipurpose smart skin patches are discussed. These advanced approaches are promising for managing the health and fitness of patients who require regular medical care.
The College of Engineering at the University of Utah includes many majors and departments. A great deal of effort has been placed on helping students choose a major prior to enrolling at the institution, but many students still enroll as undecided students. A course was designed to provide an engineering design experience to undecided students as well as students who are not academically prepared. The objectives of the course are to help students select a major in engineering, and to provide an early design experience to help them create realistic expectations for engineering as a potential profession. The university does not have a first-year program, therefore this course is important for helping students make an informed decision about which major in engineering is right for them. This first-year engineering course is designed to demonstrate the interdisciplinary nature of engineering. Students are introduced to the design process and the grand challenges as outlined by the National Academy of Engineering. During the course of the semester, students begin to develop problem and needs statements. Those statements begin to take shape as they begin to identify marketing requirements, design specifications and begin the design process. Students are placed on interdisciplinary teams where they create innovative conceptual solutions to some of the grand challenges. The conceptual design project in the course has helped students realize where their interests lie. Furthermore, students begin to understand how their core coursework relates to both the design process and their future engineering courses. In addition to conceptual design, students in the class are introduced to research happening within the College of Engineering through both tours of research facilities as well as faculty presentations. Additionally, there are four course mentors for the course, all of which are in their junior and senior years. These mentors help students select a major and consult on their design projects. The mentor relationship occurs at several points during the semester. During the first few weeks they come into the class to answer questions about why they chose their major, what they enjoy about their major and what they hope to do with their major. During subsequent classes, they give a short presentation outlining the context of the grand challenges discussed in the course, and then answer questions in a discussion format. As the semester progresses, they are paired with teams as mentors and provide feedback during the final grading of the design projects. Student feedback was gathered after each semester, and changes were made to best meet student needs and interests. Feedback was provided in both qualitative and quantitative formats in the full paper, and demonstrated the effectiveness of the course in helping students choose a major, become familiar with the design process and create a better understanding of the engineering profession. This course has been taught for the past three years, and has been beneficial in helping ...
Drug-diffusion kinetics in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydrogels were studied as a function of the crosslinking density and porosity. By varying the concentration of the crosslinker, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, we demonstrated how the release of Timolol maleate could be optimized to allow for efficient drug delivery. FTIR and spectrophotometry supplied optical inferences into the functional groups present. By studying the swelling and degradation of hydrogels, supplemented with drug-release kinetics studies, the relationship between these two tenets could be formulated.
Molecular imprinting is the process by which molecules are imprinted into the matrix of a material through non-covalent bonding, including hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. In this study hydrogels were imprinted with glaucoma medication with the purpose of creating a reusable ocular drug delivery device with reversible binding sites. The material was synthesized and tested with UV-Vis spectroscopy to determine the concentration of the released drug after twelve hours in distilled water. Modifications were made to the polymer to explore methods required for the proper delivery of the drug over an adequate period of time.
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