This study provides empirical evidence of the effects of consumer racism on domestic cross-ethnic product purchase in three countries. The model predicts that consumer racism will affect ethnic majorities' judgments of and willingness to buy products from each country's dominant ethnic minority. After a consumer racism measurement instrument is developed and validated, experiments and survey results show that varying levels of consumer racism affect consumer judgments of and willingness to buy domestic products that are perceived as being made by ethnic minorities in the three countries in which the tests took place. Moreover, the results indicate that minority-owned business performance is significantly and negatively affected in areas in which consumer racism is more prevalent. Moderators of consumer racism effects are the perceived level of interaction between consumers and the minorityowned company, a certain product-ethnicity image, and consumers' perceived importance of the outcome associated with consuming minority-owned companies' products and/or services.

Heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy gives high peritoneal and tumour oxaliplatin concentrations with limited systemic absorption. We recommend an oxaliplatin dose of 460 mg/m2 in 2 l/m2 of 5% dextrose for intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermia, at a temperature of 42-44 degrees C over 30 min. We may be able to improve these results by increasing the intraperitoneal perfusion duration or by modifying the instillate composition.

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Extrahepatic disease in patients with colorectal cancer who also have liver metastases should no longer be considered an absolute contraindication to hepatectomy. However, the presence of more than five liver metastases and the incidental intraoperative discovery of extrahepatic disease remain contraindications to hepatic resection.

Although preoperative chemotherapy does not seem to benefit the outcome of patients with solitary, metachronous CRLM, postoperative chemotherapy is associated with better OS and DFS, mainly when the tumor diameter exceeds 5 cm.