Covered biliary metal stents are effective for the drainage of distal malignant biliary obstruction, with a dysfunction rate apparently similar to that of uncovered stents. However, the risk of acute cholecystitis appears to be a major concern with this type of stent in patients with gallbladder in situ. Further comparative studies are needed.

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This study shows the feasibility and the usefulness of CCE in the situation of colonoscopy failure or contraindication. The colon capsule modality should be tested against other available approaches, such as virtual colonoscopy or repeat colonoscopy by an expert.

IOES performed after LC during the same anesthetic session is feasible with low risk and with good results. It offers the opportunity to treat in one stage both cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis without the need for surgical CBD exploration.