Introduction: Palliative care knowledge is being given meager importance in the curriculum of medical and other allied medical sciences. It is vital that all health care practitioners including medical, pharmacy, physiotherapy and nursing are aware and apply the best principles of palliative care. Aim:To assess the awareness of palliative care among undergradu ate students of medical, nursing, pharmacy and physiotherapy. Materials and Methods:The study population included total of 200 students. Among 200 students, 50 were from each of the colleges of medicine, nursing, pharmacy and physiotherapy. After obtaining informed consent, questionnaire was given. The questionnaire contained the sociodemographic profile and 35 statements under nine groups, for which the respondents were expected to answer one out of the three options (Yes, No, Don't know). The groups of statements deal with palliative care definition, its philosophy, communication issues, non pain symptoms, medications use and context of application of palliative care.Results: It was found that less than 20% of nursing students were unaware of palliative care. Among the undergraduates of college of pharmacy, more than 50% had no knowledge of palliative care. More than 80% of physiotherapy, nursing and medical students agree that death should occur without any pain or symptoms. The need of palliative care was well understood by more than 70% of students of physiotherapy, pharmacy, nursing and medical colleges.
Team teaching is an innovative method to engage the large group and make lectures more interesting. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of team teaching in first year biochemistry lecture classes. After obtaining ethical clearance, 150 first year medical undergraduate students participated in the study on a voluntary basis. Topic identified for team teaching was "Protein biosynthesis" in Biochemistry, which was designed to be carried out in 5 h of lecture by three teachers. At the end of the team teaching module and traditional lectures, a structured anonymous feedback was obtained from the students. At the end of each class, students' understanding of the lecture was assessed by an MCQ test comprising 5-6 items, which mainly tested the recollection and understanding levels of Bloom's taxonomy. This was compared with traditional lectures. The mean MCQ test score was significantly higher for team teaching when compared to traditional teaching. The students had increased attention span and were able to answer questions from later part of the class in team lectures. The students had reported that lectures taught by team were more interesting and informative. They also felt that the team was more receptive to the
Context:Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. One of the acute complications of diabetes mellitus is diabetic ketoacidosis. It becomes essential for the healthcare physicians to identify the individuals who are likely to be prone to the development of ketosis. Serum albumin levels may be a cost-effective and simple parameter to prognosticate the risk of ketosis.Aims:This study was done to find a relationship between serum albumin levels and ketonuria.Settings and Design:After ethical approval, this prospective case–control study was carried out in patients diagnosed as type-2 diabetes mellitus.Subjects and Methods:Serum albumin levels were measured by bromo cresol green method. Measurement of urine ketones was done manually using dipsticks, a semi-quantitative manual method.Statistical Analysis Used:Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables. Pearson's correlation was done to establish correlation.Results:In the normoalbuminemic group, 72% were ketones negative and only 28% had positive ketones in urine, while in the hypoalbuminemic group, 50.7% had negative urine ketones and 49.3% had positive ketonuria. The mean value for ketones in urine was 9.7 mg/dL in the hypoalbuminemic group, but it was only 4.3 mg/dL in the normoalbuminemic group. Pearson's correlation between serum albumin and urine ketone levels was performed and the r-value was found to be −0.305.Conclusions:Serum albumin levels may predict the occurrence of ketosis in diabetic patients.
Introduction:Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the established causes of mortality and morbidity in hypothyroid patients. A predictor of cardiovascular risk in hypothyroid patients becomes essential to prevent the occurrence of cardiac event. One such prognosticator of CVD is the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP). Aim: To compare the trend of LAP scores in hypothyroid patients with that of healthy controls. Materials and Methods: After obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee, this cross-sectional study was conducted. After obtaining written informed consent, details such as age, gender, waist circumference, serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), and serum triglyceride levels were collected.LAP was calculated among study participants as follows: LAP for men={Waist circumference (cm)-65}×{Triglyceride concentration (mmol/L)}.LAP for women={Waist circumference (cm)-58}×{Triglyceride concentration (mmol/L)}. Statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24.0 for Windows. Results: The total number of participants were 118 among which 59 (50%) were hypothyroid cases and 59 (50%) were healthy controls. The two groups had statistically significant difference in their LAP scores. The mean LAP score among cases and controls was 38.6±15.6 cm.mmol/L and 30.9±13.2 cm.mmol/L, respectively with a p-value of 0.004. The LAP scores showed positive correlation with TSH levels with r-value of 0.784 and p-value <0.001 by Pearson’s correlation. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant correlation between LAP score and TSH levels and LAP scores are significantly higher in hypothyroid patients.
Background: The role of ethics committees has been well defined, but many researchers regard ethical review as a road block to research.Methods: To assess the attitude of the researchers towards the ethics committee, a cross sectional study was conducted among 80 researchers, which includes both faculty and undergraduate students at a medical research institute.Results: Our study shows that though most of the researchers agreed that ethics committee is mandatory, they felt that ethics committee review delays research projects, undermined the role of non-medical members in the committee, felt annoyed about the documentation and answering the full board queries and presentations.Conclusions: Study concludes that though the researchers have understood the critical role of ethics committee, they lack a positive attitude when it comes to the ethics committee functioning. Therefore, training should be conducted for researchers, which addresses these issues, so that the misunderstandings and conflicts are minimized.
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