Aggregate characteristics of shape, texture and grading influence on workability, finishability, bleeding, pumpability and segregation of fresh concrete and affects the strength, shrinkage, density, and durability of hardened concrete. About 80% of total volume of concrete consists of aggregate. Construction and durability problems have been reported due to poor mixture proportioning and variation on grading. Aggregate characteristics significantly affect the performance of Quality Concrete (QC) both in fresh and hardened state and have an impact on the cost effectiveness. Flaky and elongated particles lead to higher voids than cubical, rounded and well graded particles. The shape factor of aggregate plays a vital role in the design and performance of QC mix and it is mainly depends on the rock formation and type of crusher being used for crushing the aggregates. Flaky and elongated particles have larger specific surface area which results in higher demand of cement paste in cement concrete mix. These particles impede compaction or break during rolling and decrease the strength of the concrete structures. An attempt is made to study the effect of shape of aggregate on quality of the concrete used for the buildings and pavements. Initially an aggregate samples were collected from the stone crusher (two types) and prepared with different proportions of Flakiness and Elongation indices to conduct tests on properties of aggregates and compressive strength and flexural strength tests on concrete. The effect of different percentages from 0 to 50% of combined Flaky and Elongation Aggregates (CFEA) for quality concrete on the compressive and flexural strength of cement concrete is studied. The other properties of aggregate such as bulk density, impact value, water absorption have been studied for different shapes of aggregates. The cost analysis has been carried out with an optimum value of 30% CFEA in 1:3 proportions of flaky and elongated particles.
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