Both the backbone chain rigidity of polymers as well as drug-polymer interaction can impact the free volume and glass transition behaviors of the dispersions.

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The desalination of adulterated water for potable water is very important and in-demand because of the scarcity of the potable water. The bubble column (BC)-type humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination systems have shown promising results for low quantum need of fresh water. The present work consists of bubbler humidifier for increasing the humidity of atmospheric air and thermoelectric cooling (TEC) modules for the dehumidification of the humidified air. The air and water have been heated through external device for the sake of performance enhancement. The work of the proposed HDH system has been assessed experimentally as well as theoretically in order to identify the impact of system operational parameters like temperature of air and water, diameter of hole on the periphery of circling tube, height of hot water column, and the air mass flow rate on the production of fresh water.The daily distillate production achieved during the investigation was in the range of 7 to 13 L/d for different operational parameters although the best experimental productivity of the system was reported 12.96 L/d for 2 mm of hole diameter, 0.016 kg/s of air mass flow rate, 60°C of temperature of water, 27°C of temperature of air, and 7 cm of water column height in the humidifier.The gained output ratio of the system was 0.8 for 0.016 kg/s of mass flow rate of air. A theoretical model of the system is also proposed, and results of model are validated against experimental results, which have shown the great agreement.Nomenclature Notation: A, water area, m 2 ; a s , specific surface area, 1/m; C p , specific heat, J/kg K; D, diameter, m; d o , diameter of hole on spiral tube, mm; D AB , diffusion coefficient, m 2 /s; G, gravitational acceleration, m/s 2 ; h, specific enthalpy, J/kg; h fg , latent heat of evaporation, J/kg; h t , heat transfer coefficient, W/m 2 , air superficial velocity, m/s; V c , liquid circulation velocity, m/s; V b , bubble velocity, m/s; V, volume of bubble column, m 3 ; W, specific humidity, kg/kg of dry air; x, mass flow rate, kg/s; z, height of water column in humidifier, cm Greek letters: ε, void fraction; Ρ, density, kg/m 3 ; σ, surface tension of water, N/m; α, Seebeck coefficient, V/K Subscript: 1, air at humidifier inlet; 2, air at humidifier outlet (dehumidifier inlet); 3, air at dehumidifier outletHow to cite this article: Patel V, Patel R, Patel J. Theoretical and experimental investigation of bubble column humidification and thermoelectric cooler dehumidification water desalination system. Int J Energy Res. 2020;44:890-901. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/er.4931

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Summary The present study exemplifies the comprehensive thermal analysis to compare and contrast ammonia‐lithium nitrate (NH3‐LiNO3) and ammonia‐sodiumthiocynate (NH3‐NaSCN) absorption systems with and without incorporation of nanoparticles. A well‐mixed solution of copper oxide/water (CuO/H2O) nanofluid is considered inside a flat‐plate collector linked to an absorption chiller to produce 15‐kW refrigeration at −5°C evaporator temperature. Enhancements in heat transfer coefficient, thermal efficiency, and useful heat gain of the collector are evaluated, and the effect of these achievements on the performance of both absorption chillers have been determined for different source temperatures. A maximum 121.7% enhancement is found in the heat transfer coefficient with the application of the nanofluid at 2% nanoparticle concentration. The maximum coefficient of performance observed for the NH3‐NaSCN chiller is 0.12% higher than that for the NH3‐LiNO3 chiller at 0°C evaporator temperature. Contradictory to this, the average system coefficient of performance of the NH3‐LiNO3 absorption system has been found 5.51% higher than that of the NH3‐NaSCN system at the same evaporator temperature. Moreover, the application of the nanofluid enhanced the performance of the NH3‐NaSCN and NH3‐LiNO3 systems by 2.70% and 1.50%, respectively, for lower generator temperature and becomes almost the same at higher temperatures, which altogether recommends the flat‐plate collector–coupled NH3‐LiNO3 absorption system be integrated with a nanofluid.