After extended follow-up, there was a clinically and statistically significant increased risk of a new breast cancer event in survivors who took HT.

PurposePreoperative nutrition is beneficial for malnourished cancer patients. Yet, there is little evidence whether or not it should be given to nonmalnourished patients. The aim of this study was to assess the need to introduce preoperative nutritional support in patients without malnutrition at qualification for surgery.MethodsThis was a prospective, two-arm, randomized, controlled, open-label study. Patients in interventional group received nutritional supplementation for 14 days before surgery, while control group kept on to their everyday diet. Each patient’s nutritional status was assessed twice—at qualification (weight loss in 6 months, laboratory parameters: albumin, total protein, transferrin, and total lymphocyte count) and 1 day before surgery (change in body weight and laboratory parameters). After surgery, all patients were followed up for 30 days for postoperative complications.ResultsFifty-four patients in interventional and 48 in control group were analyzed. In postoperative period, patients in control group suffered from significantly higher (p < 0.001) number of serious complications compared with patients receiving nutritional supplementation. Moreover, levels of all laboratory parameters declined significantly (p < 0.001) in these patients, while in interventional arm were stable (albumin and total protein) or raised (transferrin and total lymphocyte count).ConclusionsPreoperative nutritional support should be introduced for nonmalnourished patients as it helps to maintain proper nutritional status and reduce number and severity of postoperative complications compared with patients without such support.

Olaparib (AZD2281) is an oral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with antitumour activity in cancer patients with BRCA1/2 germline mutations and in patients with homologous recombination deficiency. In this dose-finding study, patients were randomized to olaparib 10, 30, 100, 200 or 400 mg (capsule formulation) twice daily for the 4-5 days preceding breast cancer surgery. The primary objective was to identify an effective biological dose of olaparib for future trials. Secondary endpoints included evaluation of PARP-1 inhibition dose/exposure-response, and safety. Olaparib plasma pharmacokinetics (PK) and the pharmacodynamics (PD) in tumour and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated. Population PK/PD modelling was performed on pooled data from this study and a previously reported study. Sixty patients were randomized (n = 12, each dose). Dose-dependent increases in exposure to olaparib were observed, but at ~50 % lower plasma exposure levels than seen in advanced disease studies. The mean maximal extent of PARP inhibition in PBMCs and tumour tissue was 50.6 % and 70.0 %, respectively, and was similar to inhibitory levels reported previously. No PARP inhibition-dose relationship was observed. Due to the unexpectedly low olaparib exposure, we were unable to determine an effective biological dose. Common adverse events included procedural pain (n = 31 patients), nausea, asthenia, malaise and increased blood creatinine (n = 6, each); these were of mild-to-moderate intensity, and all were manageable. Despite low olaparib exposure, PARP inhibition was consistent with previous reports. Reasons for the inter-study differences in exposure are unclear. The tolerability profile of olaparib was consistent with previous studies.

IntroductionThe aim of the work was to analyze the impact of selected factors on the incidence of seroma formation in breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy.Material and methodsOne hundred and fifty breast cancer patients were prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients had mastectomy performed using the same operative technique with electrocoagulation. The amount of seroma formed after surgery and its duration were correlated with selected demographic, clinical and pathological parameters.ResultsThe cumulative total seroma volume collected by the end of treatment was higher and the overall time of seroma treatment was longer in patients over the age of 60 years (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Duration of seroma was significantly longer in obese patients (p = 0.036). The cumulative total seroma volume collected by the end of treatment was higher and the overall time of seroma treatment was longer in patients who had over 130 ml of lymph drained during the first 24 postoperative hours (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Additionally, longer duration of seroma was observed in patients with pathological stage I and II according to TNM-UICC (p = 0.042) and in patients with ≥ 1200 g weight resected of mammary gland (p = 0.05).ConclusionsAge and obesity are important prognostic factors influencing seroma formation in breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy. The amount of lymph formed during first postoperative day may have predictive value in assessing cumulative total seroma volume collected during treatment and its overall duration.

The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage T2-T3N0 colon cancer (CC) is controversial and there are currently no reliable factors allowing for individual selection of patients with high risk of relapse for such therapy. We searched for microRNA-based signature with prognostic significance in this group. We assessed by qRT-PCR expression of 754 microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumour samples from 85 stage pT2-3N0 CC patients treated with surgery alone. MiRNA expression was compared between two groups of patients: 40 and 45 patients who did and did not develop distant metastases after resection, respectively. Additionally, miRNA expression was compared between CC and normal colon mucosa samples and between the mismatch repair (MMR) competent and deficient tumours. Low expression of miR-1300 and miR-939 was significantly correlated with shorter distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in Cox univariate analysis (p.adjusted = 0.049). The expression signature of five miRNAs (miR-1296, miR-135b, miR-539, miR-572 and miR-185) was found to be prognostic [p = 1.28E−07, HR 8.4 (95 % CI: 3.81–18.52)] for DMFS and cross-validated in a leave-one-out analysis, with the sensitivity and specificity of 74 and 78 %, respectively. The expression of miR-592 was significantly associated with the MMR status (p.adjusted <0.01). The expression of several novel miRNAs were found to be tumour specific, e.g. miR-888, miR-523, miR-18b, miR-302a, miR-423-5p, miR-582-3p (p < 0.05). We developed a miRNA expression signature that may be predictive for the risk of distant relapse in early stage CC and confirmed previously reported association between miR-592 expression and MMR status.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10585-016-9810-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.