O n g O i n g r u b e l l a O u t b r e a k i n b O s n i a a n d H e r z e g O v i n a , M a r c H -J u ly 2 0 0 9 -p r e l i M i n a r y r e p O r t A Novo (ano@who.ba) 1 ,
Background/Aim: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the spread of a novel disease COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. As of 12 June, there have been more than 7.4 million COVID-19 cases and more than 418,000 COVID-19 deaths globally. This paper represents epidemiological analysis of the first 100 days of COVID-19 epidemic in the Republic of Srpska. Methods: Data of all COVID-19 cases confirmed in the Republic of Srpska between 4 March and 12 June were collected from epidemiological and laboratory testing reports obtained from the Public Health Institute of the Republic of Srpska. This cross-sectional analysis was carried out on a sample of 1,607 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, which included: summary of patient characteristics, examination of age distributions and sex ratios, calculation of case fatality and mortality rates, incidence rates analysis, epidemiological curve construction and subgroup analysis. Results: Over 100 days after the first case was confirmed, the total number of infected patients in the Republic of Srpska rose to 1,607 (31,471 persons had been tested). As of 12 June, 69.9 % of those cases has recovered. During that period there were 117 confirmed deaths (average age 72 years; 60.7 % males; 86 % older than 60 years; 94 % with at least one comorbidity). The sex ratio among the confirmed cases was 0.95:1 (48.7 % men vs 51.3 % women). Infections were less common in persons below 20 years of age (7.3 % of all confirmed cases) and the majority of the affected persons were in the group 40-69 years of age. As much as 86 % of all death cases occurred in persons older than 60 years (average age 72 years) and 94 % of all death cases had at least one underlying condition (mostly cardiovascular diseases, 79.5 %). Conclusion: Evaluating the clinical data of COVID-19 patients, finding the source of infection and studying the behavior of the disease is crucial for understanding of the pandemic.
Introduction:Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) and surgical site infections (SSI) are a global public health problem. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of SSIs at the Surgical Clinics of the University Clinical Centre Banja Luka and to identify risk factors for the development of SSIs.Methods:In order to determine the frequency of SSIs through the incidence compared to the patients operated at the Surgical Clinics of the University Clinical Centre Banja Luka, we conducted a prospective cohort study which encompassed 11.216 operated patients, in the period from November 11th, 2014 to September 30th, 2015. In order to identify risk factors for the development of SSIs, a nested case-control study of risk factors for SSIs was conducted. The study group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with SSIs in the period of monitoring, while the control group was consisted of patients without SSIs who corresponded with the study group in age and sex.Results:The highest values of incidence of SSIs were observed at the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (2.65%), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (2.48%) and the Department of Vascular Surgery (2.15%), and the lowest ones at the Department of Urology (0.59%). Among the cases of SSIs, deep infections of the surgical site were the most represented (82.7%). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the following independent risk factors: length of pore-operative stay in hospital (p=0.000; OR=1.062; 95% CI=1.037-1.087), reintervention (p=0.000; OR=22.409; 95% CI=6.361-79.071) and cotrticosteroids (p=0.023; OR=4.141; 95%CI=1.221-14.047).Conclusion:The incidence of SSIs at the Surgical Clinics of the University Clinical Centre Banja Luka is at the level of hospitals in developed countries. There are a number of risk factors for SSIs, which may be prevented.
Kratak sadržajMada ne postoji univerzalna definicija kvaliteta života u vezi sa zdravljem, postignut je konsenzus da je to širok koncept koji uključuje fizičko zdravlje, psihološko stanje i socijalne odnose. Psorijaza je hronično inflamatorno oboljenje povezano sa socijalnom stigmatizacijom, bolom, nelagodnošću, fizičkim invaliditetom i psihološkim distresom. Brojne studije su pokazale da ima značajan uticaj na kvalitet života obolelih. Ovaj pregledni rad se fokusira na koncept kvaliteta života u vezi sa zdravljem kod obolelih od psorijaze i na različite instrumente za njegovo merenje koji se mogu klasifikovati u upitnike specifične za psorijazu, upitnike specifične za kožne bolesti i opšte upitnike.Ključne reči: kvalitet života, psorijaza, specifični upitnici, opšti upitnici UvodPrema Svetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji pod kvalitetom života se podrazumeva opažanje pojedinaca o sopstvenom položaju u životu u kontekstu kulturnog i vrednosnog sistema u kojima žive, kao i u odnosu na njihove ciljeve, očekivanja i standarde koji važe u tim sistemima [1].U rečniku "Zdravlje za sve za 21 vek" kvalitet života je definisan kao opažanje pojedinaca ili grupa da će njihove potrebe biti prepoznate na vreme i da će biti zadovoljene kako bi se postigle sreća i ispunjenje [2].Često se termini blagostanje i zdravstveno stanje koriste kao sinonimi za kvalitet života iako su oni samo pojedinačni aspekti mnogo sveobuhvatnijeg koncepta [3].Ispitivanje kvaliteta života i mogućnosti za njegovo unapređenje su od izuzetnog značaja imajući u vidu povećanje očekiva-nog trajanja života i porast učesta-losti hroničnih nezaraznih oboljenja sa kojima su mnogi ljudi prinuđeni da žive.Osamdesetih godina prošlog veka izdvaja se komponenta sveukupnog kvaliteta života koji je primarno određen zdravljem osobe "kvalitet života u vezi sa zdravljem" (engleski: Health Related Quality of Life: HRQoL). Specifičniji je termin od kvaliteta živo-ta i pogodniji je za upotrebu, jer Adresa autora: Prof. dr Slavenka Janković
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