Increases of sodium signal intensity within the ischemic lesion are related to time after stroke onset. Thus, noninvasive imaging of sodium may be a novel metabolic biomarker related to stroke progression. Ann Neurol 2009;66:55-62.

Background and Purpose-The objective was to evaluate the relationship between circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and age-related white matter changes (ARWMC). Endothelial dysfunction plays a role in the development of ARWMC. EPC incorporate into sites endothelial damage and are thought to be involved in the repair of vascular risk factor induced endothelial injury. ARWMC can be evaluated using CT or MRI. Methods-In 172 individuals, circulating EPC were defined by the surface markers CD31 and von Willebrand factor.ARWMC were rated on CT scan using the ARWMC scale and divided into 3 groups based on ARWMC scale score (ARWMC score 0

Case 1: A previously healthy 51-year-old man came to hospital complaining of headache of 3 weeks' duration and several days of nausea, vomiting and confusion. He had some difficulty recalling the events of the preceding 3 weeks, but the results of his general and neurologic examinations were otherwise normal. A CT scan of the brain showed bilateral, symmetric infarcts in the heads of the caudate nuclei, with hyperdensity surrounding the anterior communicating artery. The infarcts were confirmed via MRI; conventional angiography showed a 4-mm saccular aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (Fig. 1). To treat the aneurysm, we successfully inserted detachable coils endovascularly. Afterward, the patient remained medically stable and was discharged home 2 weeks later.One month after discharge, he returned to hospital with a sudden onset of slurred speech, left-sided facial weakness and unsteady gait. Another CT scan revealed a new left thalamic hypodensity; MRI showed an acute infarct in the

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