It was demonstrated, that in all age groups there are statistically significant differences in the values of the analysed parameters and ratios of CC size. It was indicated, that there are no statistically significant differences between men and women in the CD, EF, and A1 parameters related to CC size, and the profiles of variations of these parameters are very similar. It was proved that there are statistical differences between women and men in parameters/indicators concerning of the brain size.

Few studies have assessed the application and side effects of potassium iodide (KI) iontophoresis. Using a double-blinded randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 parallel-group, we investigated the effect of galvanization and the KI iontophoresis in the throat and larynx on three thyroid parameters. A total of 50 healthy volunteers with normal TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels and lacking focal changes in the thyroid ultrasonography were subjected to 10 electrotherapy treatments. The TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels were determined prior to the 10 electrotherapeutic treatments (T1), 2-weeks after treatment (T2) and 6-months after treatment (T3). At T2 and T3, both groups had normal levels of TSH, FT3, and FT4. Regarding the change of TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels between T1 vs. T2 and T1 vs. T3, no significant differences between the galvanization and iontophoresis groups were found. However, both groups had lower levels of all three hormones at T3. Together, these data indicate that KI iontophoresis does not affect thyroid hormone levels in the short- nor long-term. Additional follow-up studies with larger groups are required to better confirm the safety of galvanization and iontophoresis procedures in the pharynx and larynx.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04013308; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov). Day of first registration 09/07/2019.

No abstract

No current studies are available on application and side effects of potassium iodide iontophoresis. This study assessed the potassium iodide iontophoresis effect in the throat and larynx area on TSH, FT3 and FT4 hormone levels. Double-blinded randomized controlled trial with 1:1 parallel-group was conducted at the University of Rzeszow, Poland. A total of 50 healthy volunteers with normal TSH, FT3, FT4 levels without focal changes in the thyroid ultrasonography were subjected to 10 electrotherapy treatments (galvanization and iontophoresis groups). TSH, FT3, FT4 levels were determined before 10 treatments (test 1), 2 weeks after their completion (test 2) and after 6 months (test 3). In tests 2 and 3, both groups had normal levels of TSH, FT3, and FT4. No statistically significant differences between the galvanization and iontophoresis groups were found in terms of change of TSH, FT3, FT4 levels between tests 1 vs. 2 and 1 vs. 3. Both groups had lower levels of all measured parameters in test 3. Potassium iodide iontophoresis does not affect thyroid hormone levels in the short and long term. It is advisable to continue the follow-up study with larger groups to confirm the safety of electrotherapy procedures in the pharynx and larynx area.