Functionality and appearance are key aspects of good footwear. Developments in recent science and technology offer a wider scope of innovations, contributing to diversity and higher complexity of the production concept of footwear. Contemporary industrial footwear market offers a practically limitless number of new design and fashion solutions, often of quite similar appearance, but with significant differences in quality level, both regarding manufacture, raw material content, durability, and in some special functional finishes. The materials for footwear manufacture are functionalized for functional protective purposes, such as antimicrobial, waterproofing, fire resistant, wear and tear resistant, and recently for some therapeutical purposes. Novelties in material functionalization for the materials built in the footwear are most often promoted and presented on tags and labels and are used as advertisement issues, while some functionalities have become a logo for some brands.
For a long time, the production and processing of cowhide was based on the use of chrome tanning. However, the growing problem with chromium waste and its negative impact on human health and the environment prompted the search for more environmentally friendly processes such as vegetable tanning or aldehyde tanning. In the present study, we investigated the DNA-damaging effects induced in HepG2 cells after 24 h exposure to leather samples (cut into 1 × 1 cm2 rectangles) processed with different tanning agents. Our main objective was to determine which tanning procedure resulted in the highest DNA instability. The extent of treatment-induced DNA damage was determined using the alkaline comet assay. All tanning processes used in leather processing caused primary DNA damage in HepG2 cells compared to untreated cells. The effects measured in the exposed cells indicate that the leaching of potentially genotoxic chemicals from the same surface is variable and was highest after vegetable tanning, followed by synthetic tanning and chrome tanning. These results could be due to the complex composition of the vegetable and synthetic tanning agents. Despite all limitations, these preliminary results could be useful to gain a general insight into the genotoxic potential of the processes used in the processing of natural leather and to plan future experiments with more specific cell or tissue models.
U radu su ispitana svojstva otpornosti na zapaljenje i širenje plamena dvaju uzoraka vatrootpornih goveđih koža te njihova otpornost na djelovanje topline uz praćenje plinovitih produkata koji se javljaju prilikom toplinske razgradnje. Uzorci su podvrgnuti termogravimetrijskoj analizi (TGA) uz praćenje plinovitih produkata razgradnje (TG-IR) tijekom
dekompozicije. S obzirom na rezultate gorivosti zaključeno je da ispitivani uzorci glatke goveđe kože pokazuju zadovoljavajuću stabilnost
na djelovanje plamena i topline, dok je perforirana brušena vatrootporna koža s umjetnim licem djelomično pougljenila i skupila se u
području neposrednog dodira s plamenom. Oba uzorka pokazuju slično ponašanje tijekom TGA, no razlike su uočene prilikom analize plinovitih produkata razgradnje.
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