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Aim of study: The objective of this study is to test the validity of the DBH and total height allometric models fitted to the crown polygon data obtained by the application of a crown delineation and individualisation algorithm which uses the geometrical relationships between the points in the original LiDAR point clouds in the Pinus sylvestris L. stands.Area of study: The study area is located in the province of Álava in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. Material and Methods:The crowns are delineated using data from airborne LiDAR point clouds obtained in the 2008 overflight of the Basque Autonomous Community. The DBH and total height data for field trees are obtained from the plots in the 4 th National forest inventory.Main Results: For the adjusted total height and DBH models coefficients of determination of 0.87 and 0.74 respectively were obtained. The root mean squared errors were 10.67% and 18.97% respectively. The distributions of obtained DBH and total height fitted values and the distributions of the DBH and total height of the field trees are very similar except for the DBH below 15 cm.Research highlights: For stands of Pinus sylvestris L. in Álava, the geometrical relationships between the points that correspond to laser signal echoes obtained with airborne LiDAR sensors can be used directly to delineate approximations of the horizontal projections of the crowns of the trees. Although the procedure set out here was developed for stands of P. sylvestris L. in Álava, it can be applied to other conifers in regular stands by adjusting the working parameters of the function which delineates the crowns on the basis of the point cloud.

Continuous Fibers-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites (CFRTP) are presented as light materials, capable of offering a short production time with the possibility of being recycled. These properties make them ideal for automotive applications, aiming to reduce the consumption and emission of polluting gases. This article analyzed the dynamic tensile stress-compressive stress behavior of CFRTP in structural elements of the car with anti-vibration and damping functions. The data available in the literature on the reliable and usual compliance of the properties required for CFRTP, to be applied in the automotive structural elements, is scarce and insufficient. In order to analyze whether CFRTP feeds the demanding requirements of car manufacturers and if they provide advantages over the metal materials currently used, this article developed a method of reliable verification of their dynamic tensile and compression behavior. The methodology developed could be used as a guide to characterizing any combination of vulcanized rubber adhesive joints with CFRTP, regardless of the materials and additives used. The results obtained showed that there exists CFRTP that fits the requirements of the car manufacturers for this type of component and also offers dynamic advantages over the materials currently used as anti-vibration elements.

The paper is intended to propose a method to characterize the adhesion of a thermoplastic matrix composite material that is reinforced with continuous fibers and over-injected vulcanized rubber. The behaviour of the material based on the thermoplastic matrix and the adhesive is studied. In addition, the combination of factors that provides the greatest possible adhesion of the rubber to the composite is analyzed. Test methods are also analysed and suggested to characterize the adhesion force of the vulcanized rubber to the thermoplastic composite.

In the past decades, the use of indices and indicators to report on the environmental performance of organisations has increased exponentially. However, the available studies did not address the topic of obtaining indicators that show the environmental behaviour of the health sector. The main objective of this research, therefore, was aimed at the calculation of environmental efficiency indices in the hospital sector, taking a regional hospital as a case study and considering the environmental aspects identified during the development of its healthcare activity in 2019. The results obtained provided information on the potential environmental impacts triggered by every aspect of the operation of a hospital in the course of its activities that focus on patient care. The results demonstrated that the aspects related to transportation of patients, workers, and materials had the greatest impact on the global environmental indices we calculated. For the environmental efficiency indices of hospital activities, the most significant environmental aspects were materials consumption and waste generation.