Vectors of trypanosomiasis -tsetse (Glossinidae) in Africa, kissing-bugs (Triatominae) in Latin America -are very different insects but share demographic characteristics that render them highly vulnerable to available control methods. For both, the main operational problems relate to reinvasion of treated areas, and the solution seems to be in very large-scale interventions covering biologically-relevant areas rather than adhering to administrative boundaries. In this review we present the underlying rationale, operational background and progress of the various trypanosomiasis vector control initiatives active in both continents.
The potencies of seventeen analogues of ATP as gorging inducers for Glossina palpalis palpalis were evaluated. The ranking for effective dose that induced half the flies to gorge (ED5*) was: A tetra P ATP > AMP-PCP > adenosine 5' triphosphate 2',3'dialdehyde > AMP-CPP S AMP. Females detect ATP and its analogues better than males. The EDs0 of ATP was 5~1 0 -~ M for teneral females and 1 . 5~1 0 -~ M for males. According to the potency order of the ATP analogues, the G.p.palpa1i.s gustatory receptors recognizing ATP can be classified as Pay purinoceptors.2 ATP=2'dATP 3 ADP=2'dADP > AMP-PNP > 3'dATP 2 2'3'dd
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.