Multimodel frameworks are common in contemporary elasmobranch growth literature. These techniques offer a proposed improvement over individual growth functions by incorporating additional candidate models with alternative characteristics. Sigmoid functions (e.g. Gompertz and logistic) are a popular alternative to the commonly used von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) as they are hypothesized to better suit certain taxa based on body shape (such as batoids) or reproductive mode (such as egg‐layers). However, this hypothesis has never been tested. This study examined 74 elasmobranch multimodel growth studies by comparing the growth curves of their respective candidate models. Hypotheses regarding model performances were rejected as the VBGF was equally likely to fit best for all taxa and reproductive modes. Subsequently, no individual model was suited to be used a priori. Differences between candidate model fits were greatest at age zero with Gompertz and logistic functions providing estimates that were 15% and 23% larger on average than the VBGF, respectively. However, length‐at‐age estimates of the different models became negligible at older ages. Differences between candidate models were mostly small (≤5%), and the multimodel framework only marginally affected length‐at‐age estimates. However, there were cases where some candidate models provided inappropriate fits that contrasted considerably to the best fitting model. In some of these instances, a single‐model framework could have yielded biologically unrealistic growth estimates. Therefore, no study could pre‐empt whether or not it required a multimodel framework. A framework was subsequently recommended to maximize the accuracy of model fits for elasmobranch length‐at‐age estimates using multimodel approaches.
1. Many sharks are listed as data deficient in assessment and management reports owing to a lack of basic life history data, making decisions about conservation management difficult. As such, the collection of these data is a priority. However, rare or threatened species with populations that are already small can be difficult to sample. Thus there is a need for techniques that permit the use of small sample sizes to provide preliminary information on life history parameters such as age and growth.2. In this study, growth curves were fitted to length-at-age data for five rare or difficult to sample sharks from north-eastern Australia: Carcharhinus coatesi (n = 56), Carcharhinus fitzroyensis (n = 39), Carcharhinus macloti (n = 37), Eusphyra blochii (n = 14) and Hemipristis elongata (n = 14) to provide the first estimates of growth for these species. Vertebral centra from field collections were aged to obtain length-at-age data, and partial age adjustments were used to increase the precision of age estimates. In addition, back calculation techniques were applied to add interpolated data to fill gaps in the growth curves caused by missing length classes.3. Back calculation techniques did not substantially alter the growth curves of the species, which had an even spread of data across size classes (C. fitzroyensis, E. blochii and H. elongata). However, the back calculation techniques considerably improved the growth curves for C. coatesi and C. macloti where juveniles were missing from the samples. 4. Small sample sizes often provide a barrier to conducting growth studies because of the perception that growth estimates can only be obtained from 'large' sample sizes. However, by including individuals across all of the species length classes and maximizing the use of all available exogenous information using back calculation and partial age adjustments, as well as through judicious choice of growth models, it is possible to obtain practical estimates of growth, even when sample sizes are extremely limited.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.