Rituximab is an effective treatment for frequently relapsing/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome, but there is concern about infections caused by humoral immunodeficiency. We herein report a case of prolonged (>7 weeks) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A 24-year-old man with minimal-change disease treated with rituximab developed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The clinical response to remdesivir was soon transiently abolished. Treatment with casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV) monoclonal antibodies in combination with remdesivir resulted in complete clearance of the infection. The REGEN-COV antibody cocktail may improve the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with humoral immunodeficiency.
In the early phase of Japan's industrialization after 1886, the upper class of ex-samurai, known as daimyo with huge assets, played an important role as pioneers in equity investments in modern industries. Furthermore, when their ex-retainers founded modern enterprises, daimyo often invested in their businesses. In addition, daimyo often created opportunities for the education of young people in their former fiefs. After explaining the daimyo in the Meiji period, this article first elucidates how daimyo promoted equity investments in modern industries. Second, this study analyses the socioeconomic activities of one of the main daimyo, Tsugaru Tsuguakira in Tsugaru region.
In the early phase of Japan's industrialization after 1886, the upper class of ex-samurai, known as daimyo with huge assets, played an important role as pioneers in equity investments in modern industries. Furthermore, when their ex-retainers founded modern enterprises, daimyo often invested in their businesses. In addition, daimyo often created opportunities for the education of young people in their former fiefs. After explaining the daimyo in the Meiji period, this article first elucidates how daimyo promoted equity investments in modern industries. Second, this study analyses the socio-economic activities of one of the main daimyo, Tsugaru Tsuguakira in Tsugaru region.
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