In this account only the structure of fibres of Remak is considered. The proof of their nervous nature is omitted, as this is an entirely different question. An admirable account of this however will be found in Axel Key and Retzius: Studien in der Anatomie des Nervensystems und des Bindgewebes, iI. 148. 1876. Stockholm. 3 The references to literature will be found at the end of this section.
268NON-MED ULLA TED NER VES.given by other authors, and with the appearances I have myself obtained, the fibres in his figures are about 2t& in diameter".These appearances were criticised by Valentin(2), Rosenthal, Bidder, Volkmann and Ktolliker, who all, for various reasons, maintained that they were only another form of connective tissue: Rosenthal in particular asserting that their structure was granular rather than fibrillar, while Valentin especially maintained that they were prolongations of the sheaths of ganglion cells accompanying and surrounding medullated fibres. Muller(-3) contested Valentin's view, although he could not convince himself of the origin of fibres of Remak from cells in the sympathetic ganglia.Remak(4) retorted that post-mortem changes took place in his grey organic fibres to such an extent that they looked very different from
THIS paper is only intended to be a preliminary communication, because, though I have now done some fifty experiments which seem to establish my main point, there are still a number of minor points which require confirming more certainly. Therefore I withhold most of the details of my work, hoping to publish them in a complete communication before very long.The literature of the subject is very extensive, but I will only point out that glycosuria has been described in association with a very large number of conditions. Thus Naunyn(1), in his book on diabetes mellitus published last year, describes glycosuria under about twenty main headings, which include nearly as many subheadings. Since the publication of Naunyn's work, Biedl (2) has also described another curious condition attended by glycosuria, namely, that produced either by ligaturing the left thoracic duct in dogs or by forming a fistula of the same.The principal factors concerned in glycosuria are the parts played by the kidneys which excrete the sugar, by the liver which can form sugar under nervous or other influences, and by other organs. As is well known, the kidneys will normally excrete sugar as soon as the sugar in the blood attains a certain percentage above the normal. The liver-from the work of Morat and Dufour (3) and also of Kaufmann (4) and others-turns glycogen into sugar under nervous influences, and Claude Bernard's discovery of the effect of "the diabetic puncture" is of the same nature, for Seelig( ) and Luchsinger(6) have shown that it is not attended by glycosuria if the liver contains no glycogen. Among other organs which play a part in some cases of glycosuria, the pancreas-must be considered the most important, since v. Mering's and Minkowski's(7) discovery
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