O presente estudo busca caracterizar, a partir de pesquisa qualitativa, as ações de profissionais da Atenção Básica à Saúde (ABS) atuantes no Programa de Automonitoramento Glicêmico (PAMG), com vistas à troca de saberes possibilitada pelo encontro com pessoas em uso de insulina cadastradas no programa. Selecionaram-se 12 usuários para realização de rodas de conversa e foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os trabalhadores atuantes no PAMG, em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) da capital paulista. Sob o enfoque dialógico, destacaram-se: a persistência do instrumentalismo biomédico pelos profissionais; o papel dos modos de vida dos usuários no seguimento terapêutico; e a emergência do PAMG enquanto espaço para o compartilhamento de experiências, lapidação da assistência e de apoio ao tratamento insulínico. Como resultado da análise, elaborou-se um guia para aproximação às necessidades de saúde dos usuários de insulina.
For patients undergoing a second surgical procedure, the probability of change in previously normal preoperative tests is low during the first years after the first surgical intervention, and when changes occurred, they did not adversely affect the in-hospital postoperative outcomes.
Background
The short tenure of primary care physicians undermines the continuity of care, compromising health outcomes in low-, middle and in high-income countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contextual and individual factors associated with the tenure of physician in Primary Health Care (PHC) services. We consider individual-level sociodemographic variables such as education and work-related variables, as well as the characteristics of employers and services.
Methods
This study is a retrospective cohort study of 2,335 physicians in 284 Primary Health Care Units across the São Paulo, Brazil, public health care system from 2016 to 2020. A multivariate hierarchical model was selected, and an adjusted Cox regression with multilevel analysis was employed. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist was used to report the findings from the study.
Results
The average physician tenure was 14.54 ± 12.89 months, and the median was 10.94 months. Differences between Primary Health Care Units accounted for 10.83% of the variance observed in the outcome, while the employing organizations were responsible for only 2.30%. The physician characteristics associated with higher tenure in PHC were age at hire, i.e., being between 30 and 60 years old, [HR: 0.84, 95% CI: (0.75–0.95)] and professional experience over five years [HR: 0.76, 95% CI: (0.59–0.96)]. Specialties not related to PHC practices were associated with a short tenure [HR: 1.25, 95% CI: (1.02–1.54)].
Conclusion
Differences between Primary Health Care Units and in the individual characteristics, such as specializations and experience, are related to the low tenure of professionals, but such characteristics can be changed through investments in PHC infrastructure and changes in work conditions, policies, training, and human resource policies. Finding a remedy for the short tenure of physicians is essential for guaranteeing a robust PHC system that can contribute to universal, resilient, and proactive health care.
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