The aim of the present study is to measure the maximum bite force (MBF) in the natural dentition with the help of a force-measurement device -gnathodynamometer, designed and constructed specially for the purpose of the study. Materials and methods: 80 students from FDM-Sofia, aged between 20 and 32, were tested. Each student was given instructions about the study and its method, and the tests were carried out thereafter. The tip of the force-measuring tensometric module of the gnathodynamometer was first placed in the area of the frontal teeth and the patient was asked to bite firmly, until the first signs of pain were felt. Afterwards the device was placed in the area of the first left molars and the first right molars. The whole study was repeated three times. The results were recorded in a specially designed table. Results: The clinical study indicated that the maximum bite force is significantly greater in male students as compared to female students. This phenomenon was observed during measurements in the three regions -frontal, left molars and right molars. It was found that in both genders the maximum bite force is greater in the distal regions as compared to the maximum bite force in the frontal region. Conclusion: Our research proves that the maximum bite force in male subjects is greater than that in female subjects. The values in the area of the left and right molars are almost equal, while the values in the molar regions are about 3 times greater than those in the frontal region
The following article presents the utilization of hollow posts as a treatment alternative for teeth with severe hard tissue loss that need an endodontic therapy and therefore a reliable pre-endodontic build-up and prosthetic provisionalisation. Often dentists confront a clinical situation where teeth with not enough ferrule are to be endodontically treated before crown lengthening procedure or orthodontic extrusion and in consequence they have to have a sound build-up preventing leakage. The application of hollow posts offers predictable treatment results and in some cases it might be the only procedure possible preventing tooth extraction.
The aim of this study is to explain the different wear rate of composite samples in areas involved in direct tooth contact with the antagonists and areas free of direct contact depending on the various tribological mechanisms (two-body and three-body wear) that act in these areas. Materials and methods: A novel chewing simulator -"Sofia" was used in order to mimic the dynamic masticatory forces according to the functional occlusal concept of Le Gall and Lauret (1). Twelve composite samples (Herculite HRV) were produced, divided in two groups and subjected to in vitro chewing simulation. In order to compare the influence of different tribological mechanisms on the overall wear the only difference between the two testing groups was the environment -distillated water (for two-body wear tests) or an artificial food medium (for three-body wear tests). Results: A significant difference has been recorded between the two testing groups -the overall wear of the samples in the two-body wear group was two times higher than the three-body wear group. Conclusion: Much more aggressive tribological mechanisms are related with the two-body wear and occur clinically in the area of the direct occlusal contact in comparison to the free of contact occlusal area where three-body interaction exists. Clinical significance: The outcomes of this research aim to help the clinician choose from the variety of restorative materials in order to achieve extended longevity of their restorations. On the other hand the accumulation of clinical and in vitro data regarding the properties of the currently used restorative materials helps scientists improve the quality of new materials.
Dental wear under its different forms, such as abrasion and especially erosion, becomes more and more frequent in various populations around the globe. Recent studies indicate that the problem spreads on an epidemic scale and according to some researches the overall prevalence is estimated to be more than 30% (1) for permanent teeth of children and adolescents. All these data signify that in the near future dentists will be confronted with many patients and cases of severely worn dentitions and that the need of a comprehensive, affordable and systematic treatment approach is bigger than ever. The paper presents a case report of the restoration of a severely worn dentition of a young patient followed up to the stage of finalized composite provisionals. The treatment follows with some minor modifications the "Geneva protocol" described by Belser and Vailati (2). The innovative part in the present case consists in the utilization of the jig of Le Gall (3) with some modifications allowing the device to be used not only in order to determine mandible centric position, but also as a useful instrument when resolving several esthetic and functional dilemmas. Thus the modified Le Gall jig becomes a treatment guideline substantively reducing the guesswork and allows even a well-trained 268MedInform general practitioner to deal with complex cases such as full-mouth reconstruction with a vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) increase.
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