Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy has identified with high temporal resolution (down to 0.25 s) the initial events occurring when methanol vapor is in contact with a crystal of zeolite HZSM-5. The first alkenes are generated directly from methoxy groups formed at the acid sites via their deprotonation. These alkenes can either desorb directly or oligomerize and cyclize to form dimethylcyclopentenyl cations. The oligomeric and dimethylcyclopentenyl cations are the first major components of the hydrocarbon pool that precede aromatic hydrocarbons and lead to indirect alkene formation. The technique observes these events in real time.

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The induction period for alkene formation from methanol in single crystals of HZSM-5 decreases with decreasing crystal size and increasing temperature and hydrocarbon pool species are formed almost instantaneously at higher temperatures.

Synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy coupled with mass spectrometric analysis of desorbed products has been used to investigate the initial stages of the methanol to olefins (MTO) reaction in single crystals of...

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