The object of research is the processes of occurrence, perception and redistribution of loads in the design of the car brake cylinder in operation. To compensate for angular shifts of the brake cylinder rod at its maximum exit from the housing, improvement measures are proposed. This improvement consists in the use of a safety element to limit the angular movements of the rod when leaving the body. The load of the brake cylinder rod during its angular displacements is determined. The condition for ensuring the strength of the rod is obtained. The optimal parameters of the pipe of the safety element (limiter) of the brake cylinder rod were determined by its allowable moment of resistance. For the possibility of moving the levers interacting with the stem, special windows are provided in the limiter. It is proposed to fix the limiter to the cover by welding. To determine the strength of the brake cylinder, a calculation was made using the finite element method. The results of a robust calculation showed that the maximum equivalent stresses occur in the brake cylinder cover and amount to 118.5 MPa. Therefore, the strength of the brake cylinder is ensured. A feature of the obtained results is that the proposed improvement can be applied not only at the stage of designing a brake cylinder, but also at the stage of modernization. The sphere of practical use of the obtained results is railway transport. The conditions for the practical use of the results are the absence of deformations of the brake cylinder rod. The research carried out will help to improve the efficiency of rolling stock brakes, ensure traffic safety, increase rolling stock speeds, deliver goods, etc. Also, the conducted research will contribute to the creation of developments to improve the reliability of the rolling stock brakes
The complex of operational studies and theoretical research was performed on the occurrence of harmful wear that changes geometrical parameters of the useful contact area of the brake pads of freight cars at various established standard clearance between the pad and the wheel, which significantly impairs the braking efficiency of trains. The inspections of the mechanical part of the brakes attracted attention to the abnormal wear of the brake pads of the freight cars, which occurs because the common centre of gravity of the pad and the brake shoe, which are on the pendular suspension, do not coincide with the centre of the hole in the brake strut for any pad. The results of calculations using the coordinate method performed in the Mathcad software environment and the graphical one performed in AutoCAD to determine the geometrical parameters of the formation of the upper harmful wear of the pad depending on the standard clearance between the wheel and the brake pad were compared to proved theoretically that the error between them does not exceed 5-7%.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ КОНТРОЛЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ГРУЗОВЫХ ВАГОНОВ К-т тех. наук И. Ш. Элязов, старш. препод. В. Г. Равлюк ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ КОНТРОЛЮ ТЕХНІЧНОГО СТАНУ ВАНТАЖНИХ ВАГОНІВ К-т тех. наук І. Ш. Елязов, старш. викл. В. Г. Равлюк IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF MONITORING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF FREIGHT CARS Cand. of techn. sciences İ. Şh. Elyazov, senior lecturer V. G. Ravlyuk Совершенствование системы техобслуживания и ремонта вагонов является актуальной задачей вагонного хозяйства. Повышение эффективности контрольных процессов имеет важное значение при выполнении техобслуживания и ремонта вагонов. Проведение анализа целей и задач контроля вагонов при выполнении ТО и ремонта дают полную информацию о структурной схеме технического состояния вагонного парка. Применение средства технического диагностика и контроля обеспечивает безопасность движения поездов.
The article presents the results of studies the purpose of which was solving the problem of deceleration of abnormal wear of brake pads in freight cars of Ukrzaliznytsia JSC. In the studies, the design schemes of brake rigging during braking were considered theoretically. Particular attention was paid to the determination of force loads acting in the rods of the rigging and the contact area of the brake pads with the rolling surfaces of the wheels during braking. Design analysis was performed to determine rational solutions from the point of view of determined force load of the rigging elements of the bogies during braking, in particular, taking into account the action of harmful torque caused by the movement of the bogie on inequalities "track joints". Based on the conducted studies, it was decided to create a 2D generalized model diagram to determine reliable information on the operation of triangle brake rigging.
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