The purpose of this research is to identify the misconceptions held by undergraduate students when taking introductory CS1 courses using Python. The methodology of this work consisted of interviews with instructors of previous sections of an introductory CS1 course in Python at Unicamp, and through the analysis of past exams. As a result of this work, we documented a set of 28 hypothetical misconceptions in Python through the antipattern [1] format, allowing the identification of why, how, and where the mapped misconceptions usually occur. Future work involves the development of a Concept Inventory—a multiple-choice questionnaire in which each misconception is mapped to an incorrect option—in the Python programming language.
The literature on communication-induced checkpointing presents a family of protocols that use logical clocks to control whether forced checkpoints must be taken. For many years, HMNR, also called Fully Informed (FI), was the most complex and efficient protocol of this family. The Lazy-FI protocol applies a lazy strategy that defers the increase of logical clocks, resulting in a protocol with better perfomance for distributed systems where processes can take basic checkpoints at different, asymmetric, rates. Recently, the Fully Informed aNd Efficient (FINE) protocol was proposed using the same control structures as FI, but with a stronger and, presumably better, checkpoint-inducing condition. FINE and its lazy version, called Lazy-FINE, would now be the most efficient checkpointing protocols based on logical clocks. This paper reviews this family of protocols, proves a theorem on a condition that must be enforced by all stronger versions of FI, and proves that both FINE and Lazy-FINE do not guarantee the absence of useless checkpoints. As a consequence, FI and Lazy-FI can be rolled back to the position of most efficient protocols of this family of index-based checkpointing protocols.
Vehicular traffic re-routing is the key to provide better traffic mobility. However, taking into account just traffic-related information to recommend better routes for each vehicle is far from achieving the desired requirements of proper transportation management. In this way, context-aware and multi-objective re-routing approaches will play an important role in traffic management. Yet, most procedures are deterministic and cannot support the strict requirements of traffic management applications, since many vehicles potentially will take the same route, consequently degrading overall traffic efficiency. So, we propose an efficient algorithm named as Better Safe Than Sorry (BSTS), based on Pareto-efficiency. Simulation results have shown that our proposal provides a better trade-off between mobility and safety than state-of-the-art approaches and also avoids the problem of potentially creating different congestion spots.
A checkpointing protocol that enforces rollbackdependency trackability (RDT) during the progress of a distributed computation must induce processes to take forced checkpoints to avoid the formation of non-trackable rollback dependencies. A protocol based on the minimal characterization of RDT tests only the smallest set of non-trackable dependencies. The literature indicated that this approach would require the processes to maintain and propagate O(n 2 ) control information, where n is the number of processes in the computation. In this paper, we present a protocol that implements this approach using only O(n) control information.
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